first 34.7 yacht

Yachting World

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Beneteau First 34.7 review: from the archive

• Matthew Sheahan
• May 3, 2021

"This is the most refined IRC boat we have produced," so says Farr Yacht Design president Russell Bowler when speaking about the Beneteau First 34.7

By using a set of inner and outer moulds, the hull and internal structure are created in one hit by a combined process of infusion and injection. Credit: Beneteau Credit: Beneteau

Product Overview

Manufacturer:.

Beneteau are clearly very proud of the new Beneteau First 34.7 have issued several bold statements about the complexity of the new boat in their ever expanding stable.

How could such a small production racer-cruiser be so complex? When viewed from her port side she hardly looks revolutionary.

Sure, her sawn­off transom is quite trendy, but overall her appearance in elevation gives her the look of a scaled-down Beneteau First 40.7 and although this boat has been a firm favourite with the IRC fleet, she doesn’t stand out in a crowd.

Look at the starboard side and you have the first clue as to what the fuss is about. A carbon retractable bowsprit, a first for Beneteau , is a standard item aboard this new model.

Her carbon mast on the other hand is a £9,000 option, which includes rod rigging. And all but a couple of the first 60 boats that comprise Beneteau’s 2006 production will be fitted with a black spar as opposed to the alloy standard.

Her large stainless wheel spans almost the entire width of the cockpit.

While not strictly a first for Beneteau, the rapid adoption of the carbon option is a significant change in the market.

When she’s viewed out of the water, the Beneteau First 34.7’s T-keel is another big change, as is her small rudder. So, what has spurred the switch? Within the brief to the Farr office was the stipulation that the new boat should perform well under IRC.

According to Farr Yacht Design president Russell Bowler the fact that stability is not assessed under the rule emphasised the need to produce a boat with as much righting moment as possible, yet light with it.

This meant there would be a big emphasis on weight in the keel and weight-saving everywhere else. Reducing the wetted surface area was also very important.

Nothing particularly new here other than that as a production racer-cruiser she had to be durable and built to a price, constraints that don’t always exist for full-on race boat commissions.

The design process began with accurate positioning of the centre of buoyancy to achieve a slippery yet seaworthy boat.

The First 34.7 is a bold move for Beneteau.

After this, early design considerations involved matching the centre of effort of the sail plan against the keel fin.

The balancing act continued with the centre of gravity of the keel bulb against the centre of buoyancy of the hull. A typical L-shaped keel would place the ballast too far aft and require more volume aft in the hull. The solution was a T-bulb configuration.

Here, a flattened bulb with soft chines to get the centre of gravity of the ballast as low as possible, as well as achieving the greatest effective span on the fin.

Above the waterline the sail plan is in keeping with similar boats, with a provision for overlapping head sails up to 150 per cent on the fractional rig.

The designers piled on ‘as much downwind sail area as we dared’ …

But when it comes to the downwind area, the masthead asymmetric spinnaker stacked on the cloth with 91m² (980ft²) of sail. In Bowler’s words: “We squeezed as much downwind sail area in as we dared.”

Maximising righting moment means keeping weight out of the boat elsewhere, but the brief for the Beneteau First 34.7 meant it could not be a stripped-out racer. Beneteau’s answer was a simple but bold one when it came to her layout and construction.

Maximising space

Down below, the absence of a forward cabin is noticeable from the minute you enter her saloon.

Instead of the more normal V­berth double forward cabin, a large heads occupies the space forward of the mast.

Positioning the heads here not only keeps the weight of a conventional cabin out of the bow, but provides a convenient wet area for retrieving the kite through the large foredeck hatch.

In fact, Beneteau have also developed an option for a 470-style kite bag that clips into the hatch area.

The nav station and galley are both well proportioned.

The main saloon has a pair of simple settee berths either side of the fixed table that utilise the inside face of the hull as the seat backs. This maximises the feeling of space and keeps weight to a minimum.

The chain plates are linked to mini-bulkheads that transfer the load down to the keel without the need for beefy longitudinals to attach tie rods to, again saving weight.

Further aft a simple yet spacious and effective galley is set to port with plenty of stowage space and easy comfortable access.

Opposite lies a small dedicated navigation area; again, practical, well-proportioned and with plenty of stowage for blocks, tackles, tools, duct tape and all the other odd items that keep a race boat going on the course.

Deceptively simple, the open and practical interior is actually much cleverer than you might think.

Stowage for the anchor, chain and warp is under the floor at the bottom of the companionway – easy to access and keeping weight amidships and low.

Under the cockpit lie two double cabins, which can either be supplied as an open-plan arrangement or with the starboard one of the two built with a door to form an owner’s cabin. I’m not sure why you might want this option aboard a raceboat, but no doubt there are some who think differently.

For construction, her deck has been injection-moulded to provide a clean finish inside, so no inner liner is required.

More significant is the move to a completely integrated hull and floor structure thanks to Beneteau’s new lnfujection system.

By using a set of inner and outer moulds, the hull and internal structure are created in one hit by a combined process of infusion and injection.

Although the construction technique has been driven largely by environmental pressures and the need to control emissions, Beneteau say it ensures greater accuracy in the resin-to-fibre ratio of the boats, as well as the consistency of overall weight.

What’s she like to sail?

But for all the techie talk, what is she really like? Such is the obsession with 40-footers, there’s a tendency to see something in the mid-30s as being on the wee side.

This is not the case with the Beneteau. Indeed, place her alongside a 36.7 and she feels a bigger boat in all areas apart from the foredeck. And the same is true when you take the helm.

Her large stainless wheel spans almost the entire width of the cockpit, the beamy open transom exaggerates the feeling of space and the long cockpit allows plenty of room for the crew to work the area without clambering over each other.

All this in a cockpit that’s deep enough and sufficiently secure to take the family cruising every now and then, as well as having a set of decent cockpit lockers, something the X-35 lacks.

Under way she has a solid, dependable, chunky feel to her helm. Lock to lock is just over half a turn, which on most boats would produce a twitchy feel, but not aboard the Beneteau First 34.7. In fact, it took me some time before I realised.

Easy and rewarding to sail.

Instead, she’s direct, smooth and has a comfortable seating position for the helmsman who can sit astride the wheel without crowding the mainsheet trimmer.

Upwind she’s easy to get into the groove and downwind she has the sprightly feel of a bowsprit-blaster, where the rewards of heating her up on a reach require a quick response to bear away as she picks up speed or a gust comes through.

Up to here she’s an easy boat to get on with, but lose concentration and she’ll bite. Although we never lost control downwind with the rudder completely immersed and the boat speed up in the 7-9 knot range in just 10-14 knots of true breeze.

Upwind she’s more prone to losing grip and rounding up if the helmsman and mainsheet trimmer are not keeping her on her feet.

Even in flat water and with what you might think is reasonable feedback through the wheel, she gives little warning and once the rudder has stalled there’s no regaining control until you’ve got her back on her feet.

The problem stems from the rudder’s size, a deliberate design trade-off under IRC. Rudders are not measured under the rule, so keeping it small reduces drag downwind.

But to make this side of the equation work, careful mainsheet trim upwind is vital to avoid unwanted handbrake turns.Aside from this little quirk, other niggles were to do with her control line layout, which isn’t as refined as the X-Yachts X-35.

Trimming the main with the coarse and fine tune in hand, along with the mainsheet traveller and the backstay, makes you feel like a circus act trying to ride two horses.

The fine-tune block and jammer need to be fastened to the mainsheet car rather than the pedestal moulding to make full use of the traveller and a windward sheeting car would make life that bit easier for the mainsheet trimmer through the tacks.

Elsewhere, cross-sheeting the spinnaker sheet onto the secondary winches might get your weight to weather, but the sheet chafes against the cockpit coamings.

Upwind the positioning of one of the stanchions makes skirting the genoa more tricky than normal and the solid kicker obstructs the 20/20 displays.

Admittedly these are niggles that could easily be sorted, but they are nonetheless further examples of the difference between this boat and the X-35.

Nevertheless, overall, I was very impressed with this boat. She felt like a good handicap racer, a boat that could be picked up and raced effectively in very little time and one that would light up in a breeze downwind.

This, along with her simple but practical accommodation layout, makes her a well-rounded design and an appealing choice.

First published in the May 2006 issue of YW.

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First 34.7 Beneteau

The first 34.7 beneteau is a 33.99ft fractional sloop designed by farr design and built in fiberglass by beneteau between 2005 and 2009., it accomodates 6 people in 2 cabins plus salon..

The First 34.7 Beneteau is a light sailboat which is a very high performer. It is stable / stiff and has a low righting capability if capsized. It is best suited as a fast cruiser. The fuel capacity is originally very small. There is a very short water supply range.

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Beneteau First 34.7 for sale in Plymouth United Kingdom

Plymouth United Kingdom

Make & Model

Beneteau First 34.7

MEASUREMENTS

Description.

This Beneteau First 24.7 has a main and jib older racing sails but would benefit having new ones. Carbon mast and original stainless rod rigging and updated B&G mast mount nav suite. The rudder is a replacement and improvement over the original design and just having bearings done. It is currently on the hard at Plymouth yacht haven and has been polished and antifouled ready for the new owner.

Yanmar YGM hp diesel inboard engine to saildrive and Flxofold two blade propellor

Raymarine Hybrid Touch GPS Plotter

B&G Mast Tri data

B&G Helm instruments x

Raymarine autohelm

Raymarine RayE DSC VHF

SAILS AND RIGGING

Carbon mast with double spreaders

Stainless rod rigging original

Aluminium boom with flexy boom strut

Dyneema adjustable back stay rig

Retractable bow pole

Mainsail and jib in laminate but will require replacement if racing

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Hull Material

Yanmar 3YM20 20hp

Length Overall

10.57 metres

ABOUT BENETEAU FIRST 34.7

The Beneteau First 34.7 is 35 feet long that boasts a 3.4 feet beam. The Beneteau First 34.7 is made of fiberglass.

SIMILAR LOCATIONS

• Beneteau in United Kingdom
• Sailing Yachts in United Kingdom
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Beneteau First 34.7 Boat for Sale

• accommodation
• mechanical and rigging
• Manufacturer: Beneteau
• Location: Fowey
• LOA: 34'0" (10.36m)
• Beam: 11' 1'' (3.37m)
• Keel: Fin keel
• ID no.: 1011364
• Watertank Size: 100 Litres
• Engine Make: Yanmar 3YM20
• Horsepower: 21hp
• Drive Type: Saildrive
• Fuel Type: Diesel
• Fuel Tank Size: 75 Litres
• Cruise Speed: 5.5 Knots
• Top Speed: 6.5 Knots

Broker Remarks

This Beneteau First 34.7 is a superb example; she has had significant upgrades and continual maintenance over the last five years. This Beneteau First 34.7 is set up for coastal, offshore, short-handed and crewed racing; she is also comfortable as a fast cruiser for those enthusiasts looking for a quick passage maker. If you are searching for a cruiser/racer for this season's regattas, look no further, as this yacht has all the ingredients to fire you straight into championship contention; all that is left is for you to point her in the right direction!! She has the carbon rig package and benefits from a rig refit with new rod rigging, running rigging associated pins, blocks and has also had the mast and spreaders recently re-lacquered! Her sail wardrobe is vast, and the condition of the sails are very good, as she has been lightly sailed since the newest sails were purchased.

Accommodation

Sleeps 5 in two cabins excluding the saloon, 1 x double & 3 x single berths Cream leatherette upholstery Pear-wood stained woodwork  Milano floor Headroom in saloon is 1.80m  Port Aft Cabin: Open aft cabin to Port with a large single-quarter berth Storage lockers Downlights Port Hole Starboard Aft Cabin: Aft cabin Starboard with double berth Cabin door Hanging wardrobe Storage lockers Downlights Port Hole Galley: Positioned to port forward of the aft quarter berth Eno 2 burner gas stove (NEW 2020) Refrigerator/icebox  Stainless steel sink with hot & hold pressurised water Cupboards below & above work surfaces Opening port hole Chart Table: Forward-facing chart table (500 x 900mm) with opening table lid with storage below Navigators seat with storage below Navigational instrumentation panel Chart plotter Opening port hole Saloon: Symmetrical saloon with bench seats to port & starboard Two x  single berths in saloon Wooden saloon table with folding leaves w& bar storage space Cream leatherette upholstery  Shelves above seating Storage below port seating with storage behind port &  starboard backrests Saloon port holes Deck hatch Heads: Heads located forward where traditionally there would be a forward cabin (REFER TO LAYOUT PLAN IN THE PICTURES) Jabsco manual sea toilet with holding tank Handbasin Shower Cupboard

Mechanical and Rigging

Construction: Built by  Chantiers Beneteau SA France in 2007 & it is the 2008 model Designed by Farr Yacht Design  Injection moulded hull & infu-jection topsides in Sandwich- Monolithic quick works Injection moulded deck(Sandwich- GRP, balsa wood & synthetic resin) White GRP hull, deck & superstructure- polished January 2022 Hull antifouled- January 2022 New top & lower rudder bearings- December 2020 Deep-fin cast iron keel The torpedo-shaped bulb at the bottom of the keel is made of lead  Balanced spade rudder  Central single-wheel steering Teak-laid cockpit seats SSR174063 IRC TCC: 0.981 (2022) RYA Offshore Sail Number: GBR 1382L Mechanics: Yanmar 21hp 3YM20 New engine mounts & sail drive mount- January 2022 Sail drive transmission Single lever morse engine control ( New throttle control mechanism with detachable throttle lever, May 2019) 2-blade bronze folding propeller Engine serviced November/December 2022 Electrics: 12v battery for engine start (NEW 2022) 2 x 12v domestic batteries- (NEW 2019) Charging from mains powered battery charger Charging from the engine alternator 240v shore power with breakers 240v shore power cable Tankage:  Fuel capacity 75 litres in a single polyethene tank Freshwater capacity, 100 litres in a single polyethene tank Hot water capacity in a Quick 25-litre hot water tank/calorifier Holding tank Water System: Hot & cold water Hot water from the calorifier with an immersion heater Pressurised water system Rigging: Fractional bermudan sloop rig Double spreader rig, the s preaders were recoated & new pins/spacers etc (NEW NOV 2020) Custom leather spreader ends (NEW NOV 2020) Hall Spars keel-stepped black carbon mast (re-lacquered October 2020) Aluminium boom and complete refurbishment with new hardware (re-painted November 2020) Barton rigid boom strut Retractable carbon bow sprit (Complete refurbishment with new hardware & re-lacquered- November 2020) All standing rigging replaced 2020 Nitronic 50, rod standing rigging (New cap shrouds, intermediated shroud, D1 & forestay- November 2020) Dyform forestay with two sail tracks (NEW 2020) Spectra running rigging led aft to the cockpit (NEW 2020) Jib sheets  2 x genoa halyards  2 x spinnaker halyards  1 x main halyard New backstay cascade adjuster in dyneema, blocks & upper backstay & control line (NEW NOV 2020) New vang cascade system, dyneema line & high load blocks (NEW NOV 2020) Facnor Flat Deck headsail furler- (NEW 2020, fitted to new Dyform forestay with two sail tracks - the split drum can be removed for racing if required, but the low profile does not necessitate this)  Rigged for spinnaker with all halyards (Spinnaker launch bag mounts beneath deck hatch in the heads compartment) Lazyjack system (NEW NOV 2020) Slab mainsail reefing (NEW LINES DEC 2020) Sails: Hyde furling #3 Headsail, in Newport Pro Radial (vertical batons) 2019 in excellent condition with Goacher Jib sock (black) Hyde Mainsail (NEW 2020) – mast track/stack, with retractable lazy jacks Carbon mainsail by Goacher Sails – (NEW 016) in excellent condition Carbon/Taffeta Genoa 133% by Goacher Sails in excellent condition Spare mainsail by North Sails in poor condition No 1, No 2, No 2, No 3, No 4 Genoas by North, Hyde & Halsey - said to be in excellent to poor condition. A1.5 asymmetric spinnaker by North Sails in good condition A3 asymmetric spinnaker by North Sails in good condition Boom bags for both in mast track stacked & regular sails, depending on chosen setup Sails are stored flat in professional sail loft. Active sails are regularly washed & serviced 

Navigation Aids: Extensive electrical upgrades & improvements  Equipped to race or for coastal sailing (solo, short-handed or crewed Raymarine depth & speed transponder (NEW 2022) In The Cockpit/on Deck; Raymarine Axiom +9 multi-function display, networked with the Raymarine RMK-10 controller mounted at helm (NEW 2020) Raymarine i70s x 4 on binnacle (wind, speed, depth, etc) (NEW 2020) Raymarine Evolution Autopilot p70 & ACU 200- 2019, with Lecombe & Schmitt 40ST16 Hydraulic Linear Drive Raymarine ST290 remote Control Raymarine ST60 mast Repeaters  February 2021- new wind sensor & cable At The Chart Table; Raymarine Axiom +9 multi-function display networked with Raymarine RMK-10 controller mounted at helm (NEW 2020) Raymarine DSC/ VHF radio  Comnav Mariner X2 AIS Class B transceiver Navionics chart- 2019 Raymarine Seatalk x 2- 2019 c Raymarine Evolution Autopilot p70 & ACU 200- 2019, with Lecombe & Schmitt 40ST16 Hydraulic Linear Drive Raymarine Smart Controller with base- 2019 Raymarine STNG Backbone Cable Antenna & Multiplex Ground Tackle: Manson Racer anchor size R5 (NEW APRIL 2019) 40m x 14mm anchor warp (NEW APRIL 2019) Stainless steel anchor swivel connector (NEW APRIL 2019) Spade anchor (race optimised) with weighted warp Spare emergency anchor in bilge locker Self draining anchor locker Deck Gear: Harken deck gear Harken genoa tracks with adjustable cars Additional Harken jib sheet tracks & genoa sheet in-haulers fitted Harken 32, two-speed, self0tailing halyard winches mounted at the companionway 9 x Spinlock XTS rope clutches mounted either side of the companionway (NEW NOV 2020) Harken 44, two-speed, self-tailing sheet winches mounted on the cockpit coaming Harken mainsheet traveller with fine tune kit (NEW NOV 2020) Mainsheet system complete (NEW DEC 2020) Stainless steel trimmer footrests GRP moulded helmsmans footrests Stainless steel pulpit, pushpit, stanchions & guardwires (NEW GUARDWIRES DEC 2020) Liferaft cockpit stowage locker Port & starboard cockpit lockers Teak cockpit seating Teak toe rail Stainless steel boarding ladder Safety Equipment: All Safety equipment listed is included in the sale, but the vendor offers no warranties. The purchaser must service the safety equipment, ensure it is appropriate for his purposes, & check the expiry and service dates on all items! Rescue line with stainless steel basket (NEW SEPT 2019) Offshore race safety (NEW SEPT 2019) Ocean Safety jonbouy horseshoe lifebuoy (NEW SEPT 2018) Baltic safety line elasticated- (NEW SEPT 2018) 4 x Crewsaver Crewfit 165N sport lifejackets (NEW SEPT 2018) Aquaspec AQ40s Led lifejacket light NEW SEPT 2018) 4 x KRU lifejacket sprayhood (NEW SEPT 2018) Emergency battery nav lights (NEW SEPT 2019) Ecoblast metal air horn & pump (NEW SEPT 2018) Crewsaver coastal Flare Pack (NEW SEPT 2018) Emergency wooden plugs (NEW SEPT 2019) Electric bilge pump Manual bilge pump Emergency tiller Navigation lights Automatic FE36 fire extinguisher 1kg (NEW SEPT 2019) ABC dry powder fire extinguisher- (NEW SEPT 2019) Fire blanket (NEW SEPT 2018) JFA large haversack first aid kit (NEW SEPT 2018) Equipment:  Canvas stackpack (NEW MARCH 2023) Weatherproof cockpit awning/winter cover 2 x canvas mainsail covers (1 x in-mast track (NEW 2020) & normal in black) Canvas over boom cockpit & side deck winter cover with windows Canvas wheel cover in black Blue performance line winch covers (NEW SEPT 2019) Rig Tension Gauge (NEW MARCH 2021) Various warps & Fenders in black EcoAir Dehumidifier (NEW SEPT 2018)  Alpine UTE 72B stereo with bluetooth, iPod connect & external speakers (NEW APRIL 2019)

Contact NYB Plymouth

• Address: Network Yacht Brokers Plymouth Mayflower Marina Ocean Quay Richmond Walk Plymouth PL1 4LS
• Telephone: (+44) 01752 605 377 (+44) 01752 605 377 -->
• Fax: (+44) 01752 605 377
• Email: [email protected]
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Disclaimer : Network Yacht Brokers (Southwest) Ltd t/a Network Yacht Brokers Plymouth offers the details of this vessel for sale but cannot guarantee or warrant the accuracy of the information contained in the specification or warrant the condition of the vessel or equipment. A buyer should instruct his agents, or surveyors, to investigate such details as the buyer desires validated. This vessel is offered for sale subject to no prior sale, price change, or withdrawal without notice.

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Khabarovsk: The city on the 5,000 ruble banknote

A night view of Khabarovsk, the capital of Russia's Far East. Source: Lori/Legion-Media

Located at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri rivers, Khabarovsk (6140 kilometers from Moscow) is the second largest city in the Russian Far East after Vladivostok. Having grown from a small military post in the middle of the 19 th  century, the city got its name from the famous Russian explorer Yerofei Khabarov, who surveyed the Amur River. Currently Khabarovsk is the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District.

Where to go on a first date with the city

Source: Lori/Legion-Media

The city was founded by Count Nikolai Muravyov-Amursky and the main street is named in his honor. Modern buildings and shopping centers coexist with old stone houses of gray and red. A monument to this famous Russian statesman can be found in the city’s Central Park. This statue can also be seen on the 5,000-ruble banknote.

The best way to explore Khabarovsk is on foot, beginning at Lenin Square and working your way towards the banks of the Amur River. The two main boulevards, Amursky and Ussuriisky, run parallel to each other. The architecture on Lenin and Serysheva streets, with its mostly Stalin-era structures, differs from the beautiful pre-revolutionary buildings on ul. Muravieva-Amurskogo. The Amursky and Ussuriisky boulevards did not exist until the mid-1960s.

Source: Shutterstock/Legion-Media

Khabarovsk is not a typical Russian city along the Trans-Siberian Railway. The unusual fusion of Russian and Chinese cultures is felt in the food, culture and even lifestyle of its residents. Japanese touches complement this picture in the form of blossoming cherry trees and cars with steering wheels on the right hand side. That Khabarovsk has such a strong Asian influence should not seem surprising, as the city is located only 17 kilometers from the state border with China. The nearest Chinese settlement, Fuyuan, is 65 kilometers down the river from Khabarovsk.

Khabarovsk’s gem is its picturesque river embankment and the Amursky rail and road bridge, which is also depicted on the 5,000-ruble banknote. Just like the Eiffel Tower, this bridge won the gold medal of the World Exhibition in Paris in the early 20 th  century.

Khabarovsk's museums

Khabarovsk became famous during the Soviet period for a popular song about border guards that stand on the "high banks of the Amur" and protect the motherland. It is not hard to find old cannons on display in the city that were fired during the Russo-Japanese War.

At the present time Khabarovsk is the headquarters of Russia’s Far Eastern Military District.

The Military Historical Museum of the Far Eastern Military District depicts in great detail everything you ever wanted to know about the formation and development of the army in the Far East. Models of weapons from different years are exhibited over the museum’s 13 halls and heavy military equipment is placed in the courtyard of an observation deck. The museum itself is located in a historic building right on the bank of the Amur River.

The Far Eastern Art Museum, also known as the "Far East Tretyakov Gallery" features original works of ancient Russian art, as well as local artists from the Amur Region. Among the artists on display are Ivan Aivazovsky, Ivan Shishkin, Ilya Repin, Vasily Surikov, Isaak Levitan, Alexander Benois, Apollinaris Vasnetsov and Mikhail Vrubel. Many of these works of art came to the Far East from museums in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

The Khabarovsk Regional Museum holds collections of flora and fauna, ethnography exhibits of indigenous peoples and Slavic settlers, and displays by paleontologists and geologists that tell the city’s story from its foundation. The only archaeological museum in the Far East is the Okladnikov Museum, which features 120,000 ancient artifacts pertaining to the Amur Region.

For those traveling with children, Khabarovsk has special kid-friendly attractions including an aquarium featuring fresh water fish of the Amur River basin, as well as the Gaidar Amusement Park and the Khabarovsk State Circus.

Source: TASS/Alexander Savchenko

A living museum of Far Eastern flora can be found at the Khabarovsk Arboretum, established as an experimental laboratory in 1896. It has collected about 300 plant species that grow in the Ussuri taiga as well as those from the Himalayas, Central Asia and North America.

Khabarovsk is known for its parks such as Dynamo or Yuri Gagarin Park. The Central Park of Culture and Relaxation is perfect for taking leisurely strolls and leads to the river station located within the park, where you can take a boat ride on the Amur River. Especially memorable is taking a walk along the river at night, when Khabarovsk is illuminated by hundreds of colored lights. In the park there is also an observation deck that offers a spectacular view of the Amur.

The cultural center of the Far East

Source: RIA Novosti/Ruslan Krivobok

The oldest Orthodox Church in Khabarovsk is a Church of St. Innocentius  of Irkutsk, erected in 1870 in honor of the patron saint of Siberia and the Far East. The impressive Holy Transfiguration Cathedral (its height with golden domes is 95 meters), built from the donations of inhabitants of the region, is the third largest temple in Russia after Moscow's Christ the Savior Cathedral and St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg.

Several major theaters operate in Khabarovsk, which is often called the cultural center of the Far East. These include the Khabarovsk Regional Musical Theater performing classic operetta and musical comedy, and the Regional Drama Theatre featuring international and domestic classics. There is also the Triad professional mime theater, which offers unusual performances in interesting interiors. 

Why you should climb the Khabarovsk cliff

Khabarovsk is hot and humid in the summer with temperatures reaching 30 C and cold and dry in the winter with the average temperature being -24 C. However, the temperatures often drop below -30, making Khabarovsk the coldest city with a population of 500,000 or more in the world. There are massive ice sculptures on Lenin Square from January until the spring thaw in April as part of the annual Amur Crystal and Ice Fantasy festivals. City Day, celebrated on the last Saturday of May, is a good reason to visit Khabarovsk at the beginning of summer.

No matter the season, if it is clear, then climb the Khabarovsk cliff (ul. Shevchenko 15), a true symbol of the city. A famous building was constructed here on a rocky promontory 70 years ago by an architect named Starikov. At first it was a station for military observation, later becoming a rescue station. After the building was transferred to Khabarovsk Central Park of Culture and Recreation, a viewing platform was added that now offers the best panoramic views of the Amur River. Take a selfie here with a view of the Amur River at the monument to Count Muravyov-Amursky.

All rights reserved by Rossiyskaya Gazeta.

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Khabarovsk Krai

Administrative divisions, heavy industry, demographics, ethnic groups, settlements, sister relations, external links.

Being dominated by the Siberian High winter cold, the continental climates of the krai see extreme freezing for an area adjacent to the sea near the mid-latitudes, but also warm summers in the interior. The southern region lies mostly in the basin of the lower Amur River , with the mouth of the river located at Nikolaevsk-on-Amur draining into the Strait of Tartary , which separates Khabarovsk Krai from the island of Sakhalin . The north occupies a vast mountainous area along the coastline of the Sea of Okhotsk , a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean . Khabarovsk Krai is bordered by Magadan Oblast to the north; Amur Oblast , Jewish Autonomous Oblast , and the Sakha Republic to the west; Primorsky Krai to the south; and Sakhalin Oblast to the east.

The population consists of mostly ethnic Russians , but indigenous people of the area are numerous, such as the Tungusic peoples ( Evenks , Negidals , Ulchs , Nanai , Oroch , Udege ), Amur Nivkhs , and Ainu . [10]

Khabarovsk Krai shares its borders with Magadan Oblast in the north; with the Sakha Republic and Amur Oblast in the west; with the Jewish Autonomous Oblast , China ( Heilongjiang ), and Primorsky Krai in the south; and is limited by the Sea of Okhotsk in the east. In terms of area, it is the fourth-largest federal subject within Russia. Major islands include the Shantar Islands .

Taiga and tundra in the north, swampy forest in the central depression, and deciduous forest in the south are the natural vegetation in the area. The main rivers are the Amur , Amgun , Uda , and Tugur , among others. There are also lakes such as Bokon , Bolon , Chukchagir , Evoron , Kizi , Khummi , Orel , and Udyl , among others. [11]

Khabarovsk Krai has a severely continental climate with its northern areas being subarctic with stronger maritime summer moderation in the north. In its southerly areas, especially inland, annual swings are extremely strong, with Khabarovsk itself having hot, wet, and humid summers which rapidly transform into severely cold and long winters, where temperatures hardly ever go above freezing. This is because of the influence of the East Asian monsoon in summer and the bitterly cold Siberian High in winter. The second-largest city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur has even more violent temperature swings than Khabarovsk, with winter average lows below −30   °C (−22   °F) , but in spite of this, avoiding being subarctic because of the significant heat in summer.

The main mountain ranges in the region are the Bureya Range , the Badzhal Range (highest point 2,221 metres (7,287   ft) high, the Gora Ulun ), the Yam-Alin , the Dusse-Alin , the Sikhote-Alin , the Dzhugdzhur Mountains , the Kondyor Massif , as well as a small section of the Suntar-Khayata Range , the Yudoma-Maya Highlands , and the Sette-Daban in the western border regions. The highest point is 2,933 metres (9,623   ft) high, Berill Mountain . [12] [13]

There are a number of peninsulas along the krai's extensive coast, the main ones being (north to south) the Lisyansky Peninsula , Nurki Peninsula , Tugurskiy Peninsula , and the Tokhareu Peninsula .

The main islands of Khabarovsk Krai (north to south) are Malminskiye Island , the Shantar Islands , Menshikov Island , Reyneke Island (Sea of Okhotsk) , Chkalov Island , Baydukov Island , and the Chastye Islands . The island of Sakhalin (Russia's largest) is administered separately as Sakhalin Oblast , along with the Kuril Islands .

The charts below detail climate averages from various locations in the krai. Khabarovsk is set near the Chinese border at a lower latitude far inland, while Komsomolsk-on-Amur being further downstream on the Amur river at a higher latitude. Sovetskaya Gavan and Okhotsk are coastal settlements in the deep south and far north, respectively.

According to various Chinese and Korean records, the southern part of Khabarovsk Krai was originally occupied by one of the five semi-nomadic Shiwei , the Bo Shiwei tribes, and the Black Water Mohe tribes living, respectively, on the west and the east of the Bureya and the Lesser Khingan ranges.

In 1643, Vassili Poyarkov 's boats descended the Amur , returning to Yakutsk by the Sea of Okhotsk and the Aldan River , and in 1649–1650, Yerofey Khabarov occupied the banks of the Amur. The resistance of the Chinese, however, obliged the Cossacks to quit their forts, and by the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689), Russia abandoned its advance into the basin of the river.

Although the Russians were thus deprived of the right to navigate the Amur River, the territorial claim over the lower courses of the river was not settled in the Treaty of Nerchinsk of 1689. The area between the Uda River and the Greater Khingan mountain range (i.e. most of Lower Amuria) was left undemarcated and the Sino-Russian border was allowed to fluctuate. [20] [21]

Later in the nineteenth century, Nikolay Muravyov conducted an aggressive policy with China by claiming that the lower reaches of the Amur River belonged to Russia . In 1852, a Russian military expedition under Muravyov explored the Amur, and by 1857, a chain of Russian Cossacks and peasants had been settled along the whole course of the river. In 1858, in the Treaty of Aigun , China recognized the Amur River downstream as far as the Ussuri River as the boundary between Russia and the Qing Empire, and granted Russia free access to the Pacific Ocean. [22] The Sino-Russian border was later further delineated in the Treaty of Peking of 1860 when the Ussuri Territory (the Maritime Territory ), which was previously a joint possession, became Russian. [23]

Khabarovsk Krai was established on 20 October 1938, when the Far Eastern Krai was split into the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais . [24] Kamchatka Oblast , which was originally subordinated to the Far Eastern Krai, fell under the Jurisdiction of Khabarovsk Krai, along with its two National Okrugs, Chukotka and Koryak . In 1947, the northern part of Sakhalin was removed from the Krai to join the southern part and form Sakhalin Oblast . In 1948, parts of its southwestern territories were removed from the Krai to form Amur Oblast . In 1953, Magadan Oblast was established from the northern parts of the Krai and was given jurisdiction over Chukotka National Okrug, which was originally under the jurisdiction of Kamchatka oblast. In 1956, Kamchatka Oblast became its own region and took Koryak National Okrug with it. The Krai took its modern form in 1991, just before the USSR's collapse when the Jewish Autonomous Oblast was created within its territory. On 24 April 1996, Khabarovsk signed a power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy. [25] This agreement would be abolished on 12 August 2002. [26]

During the Soviet period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Khabarovsk CPSU Committee (who, in reality, had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor, was appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament .

The Charter of Khabarovsk Krai is the fundamental law of the krai. The Legislative Duma of Khabarovsk Krai is the regional standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Duma exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the Krai Government, which includes territorial executive bodies, such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The Krai Administration supports the activities of the Governor , who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia .

On 9 July 2020, the governor of the region, Sergei Furgal , was arrested and flown to Moscow. The 2020 Khabarovsk Krai protests began on 11 July 2020, in support of Furgal. [27]

Khabarovsk Krai is the most industrialized territory of the Far East of Russia, producing 30% of the total industrial products in the Far Eastern Economic Region.

The machine construction industry consists primarily of a highly developed military–industrial complex of large-scale aircraft- and shipbuilding enterprises. [28] The Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association is currently among the krai's most successful enterprises, and for years has been the largest taxpayer of the territory. [28] Other major industries include timber-working and fishing , along with metallurgy in the main cities. Komsomolsk-on-Amur is the iron and steel centre of the Far East; a pipeline from northern Sakhalin supplies the petroleum-refining industry in the city of Khabarovsk . In the Amur basin, there is also some cultivation of wheat and soybeans . The administrative centre , Khabarovsk, is at the junction of the Amur River and the Trans-Siberian Railway .

The region's mineral resources are relatively underdeveloped. Khabarovsk Krai contains large gold mining operations (Highland Gold, Polus Gold), a major but low-grade copper deposit being explored by IG Integro Group , and a world-class tin district which was a major contributor to the Soviet industrial complex and is currently being revitalised by Far Eastern Tin (Festivalnoye mine) and by Sable Tin Resources Archived March 13, 2017, at the Wayback Machine , which is developing the Sable Tin Deposit (Sobolinoye) , a large high-grade deposit, 25   km from Solnechny town.

Population : 1,292,944   ( 2021 Census ) ; [29] 1,343,869   ( 2010 Census ) ; [9] 1,436,570   ( 2002 Census ) ; [30] 1,824,506   ( 1989 Census ) . [31]

Vital statistics for 2022: [33] [34]

• Births: 12,404 (9.6 per 1,000)
• Deaths: 18,209 (14.0 per 1,000)

Total fertility rate (2022): [35] 1.50 children per woman

Life expectancy (2021): [36] Total — 67.85 years (male   — 62.91, female   — 72.94)

According to a 2012 survey, [37] 26.2% of the population of Khabarovsk Krai adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church , 4% are unaffiliated generic Christians , 1% adhere to other Orthodox churches or are believers in Orthodox Christianity who do not belong to any church, while 1% are adherents of Islam . In addition, 28% of the population declared to be "spiritual but not religious", 23% are atheist , and 16.8% follow other religions or did not give an answer to the question. [37]

There are the following institutions of higher education in Khabarovsk Krai. [39] [40]

• Pacific National University
• Far Eastern State University of Humanities
• Far Eastern State Medical University
• Khabarovsk State Academy of Economics and Law   [ ru ]
• Far Eastern State Transport University
• Far Eastern Academy of Government Services
• Far Eastern State Physical Education University
• Khabarovsk State Institute of Arts and Culture
• Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical University
• Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Pedagogical institute

• Amur Khabarovsk , a professional hockey club of the international Kontinental Hockey League and plays its home games at the Platinum Arena .
• FC SKA-Energiya Khabarovsk is a professional association football team playing in the Russian Football National League , the second tier of Russian association football.
• SKA-Neftyanik is a professional bandy club which plays in the top-tier Russian Bandy Super League at its own indoor venue Arena Yerofey . In the 2016–17 season , the club became Russian champion for the first time. [41]

The city was a host to the 1981 Bandy World Championship as well as to the 2015 Bandy World Championship . For the 2015 games, twenty-one teams originally were expected, which would have been four more than the record-making seventeen from the 2014 tournament , but eventually, only sixteen teams came. The A Division of the 2018 Bandy World Championship was again to be played in Khabarovsk. [42]

• List of Chairmen of the Legislative Duma of Khabarovsk Krai
• Tourism in Khabarovsk Krai

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• ↑ Президент Российской Федерации.   Указ   №849   от   13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу   13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No.   20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation.   Decree   # 849   of   May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District . Effective as of   May 13, 2000.).
• ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации.   №ОК 024-95   27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2.   Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. ( Gosstandart of the Russian Federation.   # OK 024-95   December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2.   Economic Regions , as amended by the Amendment   # 5/2001 OKER. ).
• 1 2 Charter of Khabarovsk Krai, Article   4
• ↑ "Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved September 1, 2022 .
• ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved January 23, 2019 .
• ↑ "Об исчислении времени" . Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011 . Retrieved January 19, 2019 .
• ↑ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article   68.1 of the Constitution of Russia .
• 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том   1 [ 2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.   1 ] . Всероссийская перепись населения 2010   года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ Chaussonnet, p.109
• ↑ Topographic map N-53; M 1: 1,000,00
• ↑ Khabarovsk Krai Mountains - PeakVisor
• ↑ Google Earth
• ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian) . Retrieved November 8, 2021 .
• ↑ "Habarovsk/Novy (Khabarovsk) Climate Normals 1961–1990" . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved November 2, 2021 .
• ↑ "climatebase.ru (1948-2011)" . Retrieved April 28, 2012 .
• ↑ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia" . Weatherbase. 2012. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.
• ↑ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Okhotsk" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Archived from the original on December 3, 2019 . Retrieved December 3, 2019 .
• ↑ "Ohotsk (Okhotsk) Climate Normals 1961–1990" . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved December 3, 2019 .
• ↑ "1689, Nerchinsk – Russia" . China's External Relations .
• ↑ Alexei D. Voskressenski (2002). Russia and China: A Theory of Inter-State Relations . Routledge. pp.   107–108. ISBN   978-0700714957 .
• ↑ "1858, Aigun – Russia" . China's External Relations .
• ↑ Alexei D. Voskressenski (2002). Russia and China: A Theory of Inter-State Relations . Routledge. pp.   112–113. ISBN   978-0700714957 .
• ↑ Decree of October   20, 1938
• ↑ Solnick, Steven (May 29, 1996). "Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining" (PDF) . The National Council for Soviet and East European Research : 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
• ↑ Chuman, Mizuki. "The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia" (PDF) . Demokratizatsiya : 146. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
• ↑ "Anger at Kremlin Grows in Latest Massive Russian Far East Protest" . The Moscow Times . July 25, 2020.
• 1 2 "KNAAPO Komsomolsk na Amure Aviation Industrial Association named after Gagarin - Russian" . www.globalsecurity.org .
• ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [ 2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1 ] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов   – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3   тысячи и более человек [ Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000 ] (XLS) . Всероссийская перепись населения 2002   года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
• ↑ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989   г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [ All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers ] . Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989   года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly .
• ↑ "Национальный состав населения" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved December 30, 2022 .
• ↑ "Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022" . ROSSTAT . Archived from the original on March 2, 2023 . Retrieved February 21, 2023 .
• ↑ "Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022" . ROSSTAT . Archived from the original on March 2, 2023 . Retrieved February 21, 2023 .
• ↑ Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости [ Total fertility rate ] . Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Archived from the original (XLSX) on August 10, 2023 . Retrieved August 10, 2023 .
• ↑ "Демографический ежегодник России" [ The Demographic Yearbook of Russia ] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) . Retrieved June 1, 2022 .
• 1 2 3 "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia" . Sreda, 2012.
• ↑ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps . "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived .
• ↑ The Institutions of Higher Education in Khabarovsk Krai Archived December 28, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
• ↑ "Independent Russian and Ukrainian Interpreters" . RusMoose.com .
• ↑ "Google Translate" . translate.google.co.uk .
• ↑ "Annual Congress in Sandviken, Sweden on Jan 30 2017 2017-01-28" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on December 4, 2017 . Retrieved February 23, 2017 .
• ↑ Gyeongsangnam-do official website English Archived September 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
• ↑ "Sister cities of the Hyogo Prefecture" . Archived from the original on October 29, 2007 . Retrieved January 10, 2009 .
• Хабаровская краевая Дума.   Постановление   №150   от   30 ноября 1995 г. «Устав Хабаровского края», в ред. Закона №152 от   23 декабря 2015 г.   «О внесении изменений в статьи   26 и   34 Устава Хабаровского края». Вступил в силу   16 января 1996 г. Опубликован: "Тихоокеанская звезда", №№7–8, 13 и 16 января 1996 г. (Khabarovsk Krai Duma.   Resolution   # 150   of   November   30, 1995 Charter of Khabarovsk Krai , as amended by the Law   # 152 of   December   23, 2015 On Amending Articles   26 and   34 of the Charter of Khabarovsk Krai . Effective as of   January   16, 1996.).
• Президиум Верховного Совета СССР.   Указ   от   20 октября 1938 г. «О разделении Дальневосточного края на Приморский и Хабаровский края». ( Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR .   Decree   of   October   20, 1938 On Splitting Far Eastern Krai into Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krais . ).
• Chaussonnet, Valerie (1995) Native Cultures of Alaska and Siberia . Arctic Studies Center. Washington, D.C. 112p. ISBN   1-56098-661-1
• (in Russian) — Official website of Khabarovsk Krai
• Information concerning the Shiwei tribes and their relationship with the Khitans
• (in Russian) — Brief history of Khabaovsk Krai

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‘The Fish Rots From the Head’: How a Salmon Crisis Stoked Russian Protests

Plentiful salmon used to be one of the few perks for residents of Russia’s Far East. Then the fish vanished, and many local residents blamed President Putin.

Fishermen on the Amur River in Russia’s Far East. Credit...

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By Anton Troianovski

Photographs by Sergey Ponomarev

• Aug. 15, 2020

OZERPAKH, Russia — A row of stakes hundreds of feet long pokes out of the endless estuary of the Amur River on Russia’s Pacific coast, resembling the naked spine of a giant fish.

It is a piece of commercial fishing infrastructure reminding the people who still live here that nature’s wealth — in this case, millions of chum and pink salmon — belongs to the well-connected few.

“It’s as though they must exterminate these riches, mercilessly,” says Galina Sladkovskaya, 65, waiting in vain for a fish to bite at a levee about 20 miles upstream. “They only need money and nothing else. They don’t have a human soul.”

Along the Amur, one of Asia’s great waterways, Russians feel cheated, lied to and ignored. The wild salmon fishery that they once took for granted is gone, they say, because Moscow granted large concessions to enterprises that strung enormous nets across the river’s mouth.

People’s anger over their depleted fish stock is so widespread that it has been a driving force behind the anti-Kremlin protests that have been shaking the Far Eastern city of Khabarovsk, on the Amur, since early July.

“This was a gesture of people desperate to be heard,” Daniil Yermilov, a Khabarovsk political consultant, said of the protests. “People wanted to live how they used to live, so that they can catch fish again.”

The story of the Amur’s vanishing salmon also sheds light more broadly on why President Vladimir V. Putin’s popular support has fallen close to the lowest point of his 20-year rule.

Russians’ turn away from Mr. Putin revolves less around abstract concepts of freedom and geopolitics than the concrete instances of poverty and injustice they see in their daily lives — and the feeling that the country’s elite neither knows nor cares about their struggles.

On a dirt road recently near the Amur’s mouth, a green truck splashed by before Leonid, a fisherman, whistled the all-clear. Two boys, his sons, hustled out of their hiding spot in the reeds, dragging a sack of glistening salmon.

“We’re being forced to become poachers,” he said, cursing and refusing to give his last name because he was in the process of breaking the law. “What is Putin thinking?”

Residents say there is virtually no way for them to legally catch enough to eat of what little fish remains, amid ever-tightening regulations on recreational and Indigenous fishing.

The boards tied to the roof of Leonid’s aging blue hatchback were meant to provide an alibi — he was just out collecting wood scraps. His rear windshield carried the slogan of the Khabarovsk region’s summertime political awakening: “I Am/We Are Sergei Furgal.”

Sergei I. Furgal, a former scrap-metal trader, ran for governor of the sprawling Khabarovsk region in 2018 and beat the incumbent, a Kremlin ally, in a rare upset. He gained popularity with populist moves unusual in Russia’s top-down system of governance: He cut his salary, improved school lunches and held frequent listening tours, skipping the tie and posting copiously to Instagram.

By then, the Amur’s fish crisis was already brewing. Federal authorities had granted expansive salmon fishing rights to companies that installed huge, stationary nets in the estuary and at the river’s mouth.

In the fall, the legions of migrating salmon used to make it hundreds of miles upriver to Khabarovsk, filling apartment refrigerators with smoked fish and cheap salmon roe — a New Year’s Eve staple that Russians call red caviar — sold by the kilogram.

The catch topped out at 64,000 metric tons in 2016 but then dropped precipitously, to 21,500 metric tons in 2018, the World Wildlife Federation says. And few salmon made it to Khabarovsk or the spawning grounds on the Amur’s tributaries.

“People here right now can’t catch enough to put on the table, while commercial fishermen reap huge profits,” Mr. Furgal said soon after taking office. “We’re going to try to change this state of affairs.”

He called for new limits on commercial fishing, some of which were implemented, but the salmon have remained scarce. Then, early last month, a SWAT team from Moscow pulled Mr. Furgal out of his black S.U.V. and spirited him onto the eight-hour flight back to the capital.

He was accused of masterminding murders some 15 years ago, but Khabarovsk residents saw a naked Kremlin attempt to remove a maverick governor more loyal to his constituents than to Mr. Putin. Two days later they spilled into the streets in the tens of thousands in the biggest protests Russia’s regions had seen since the fall of the Soviet Union.

The protests, now in their second month, are driven by regional pride, economic frustration and fatigue with Mr. Putin. But their animating emotion, dozens of interviews across the region showed, was a sense of injustice, as encapsulated by the fish crisis: Salmon had been part of life here for generations, and now Moscow had taken it away and offered nothing in return.

“Putin only thinks about war and about his pockets,” said Andrei Peters, 53, a small-business man in the impoverished village of Takhta on the lower Amur. “No one thinks about the people.”

In the struggling fishing village of a few hundred people with no regular internet or road connection to the outside world, someone had printed out black-and-white Furgal posters on regular sheets of paper and affixed them to the wooden electricity poles. With their now ex-governor behind bars, residents said they feared they had lost the one person in power who heard their concerns.

Indeed, the few officials in the region who agreed to interview requests in the wake of Mr. Furgal’s arrest either dismissed their constituents’ fish-related anger or redirected the blame away from the Kremlin. In the Indigenous community of Sikachi-Alyan, an hour’s drive outside Khabarovsk, the village head, Nina Druzhinina, explained that “America is at fault for all of our sins.”

“The C.I.A. has inserted its services everywhere, and its spy network is probably highly developed,” Ms. Druzhinina said. Commercial fishermen were able to exploit the Amur River, she said, because of post-Soviet Russia’s American-inspired legal code.

In the regional parliament, the speaker, Irina Zikunova, said that many Khabarovsk residents “are guided by impulse, are guided by emotions, are guided by feelings” rather than by facts. She rejected the notion — heard virtually universally in interviews with residents along the Amur — that officials in Moscow had shaped fishing regulations to the benefit of well-connected businesspeople.

“In reality, this is a made-up problem,” she said.

One of the Amur’s main fishing magnates, Aleksandr Pozdnyakov, is chauffeured around Khabarovsk in a black Mercedes Maybach. He acknowledged in an interview in his tastefully dark-toned office that the Amur fishery is in crisis. But he said the problem was overfishing by local residents who preferred to “pay nothing and do nothing while catching as much as they want.”

Mr. Furgal, the Khabarovsk governor arrested last month, made things worse, he said, speaking “as though he’s doing everything for the people” and telling the public they had a right to the salmon in the Amur.

“I’ll tell you one thing,” Mr. Pozdnyakov said of the tens of thousands protesting in support of Mr. Furgal, “I am confident that practically 99 percent of those going out are slackers who don’t want to do anything.”

Experts say there is truth to the notion that poaching by local residents is part of the problem. Olga Cheblukova, who coordinates the World Wildlife Fund’s Amur River studies, said the environmental group’s researchers have seen hundreds of dead salmon scattered near their spawning grounds, their bellies sliced open and their roe removed.

The fundamental issue, she said, is poor federal oversight that failed to detect a natural decline in the wild salmon population after the large catch in 2016. In the years that followed, regulators granted fishing quotas exceeding the actual migrating population, allowing runs of salmon to be virtually exterminated before they managed to reproduce.

In the fall of 2018, W.W.F. researchers counted an average of about 0.1 chum salmon per 1,000 square feet of river at their spawning grounds, compared to a norm of about 50.

To Khabarovsk residents, that failure of governance means more expensive fish — a parable for all of Russia, where official mismanagement and corruption often translates to bad roads, crumbling hospitals and polluted wilderness .

The protests in Khabarovsk show how easily public anger over those failures can now boil over — as it did for Evgeny Kamyshev, 32, a protester who blamed the Kremlin for the scarcity of salmon.

“The fish rots from the head,” he said.

Oleg Matsnev contributed research from Moscow.

Anton Troianovski has been a Moscow correspondent for The New York Times since September 2019. He was previously Moscow bureau chief of The Washington Post and spent nine years with The Wall Street Journal in Berlin and New York. More about Anton Troianovski

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