cost to ship sailboat across atlantic

How Much Does It Cost To Sail Across The Atlantic?

Last Updated by

Jacob Collier

August 30, 2022

There is hardly anything dreamier than crossing the Atlantic in your own boat. You must have wondered how much it costs to sail across the Atlantic.

Sailing across the Atlantic is as overbearing as it sounds. It takes a boat an average of three to four weeks to get across. If you attempt to do this in a sailboat, you could be offshore for over a month.

The cost of sailing across the Atlantic depends on the boat you are using. Fuel costs can run from $50 to $500 per day. Rental fees can cost between $300 and $1000 per day. Food and other services can cost around $20 to $50 per day per person.

If you use a large boat, the costs can go up considerably. But using a small boat will compromise your safety, and you will be risking your life if you get stuck in rough waters or a storm.

Experienced sailors recommend that it is better to have a larger boat if you plan to head into the open waters of the Atlantic Ocean. This ocean has some of the roughest waters in the world, which can topple or capsize small boats. It is essential to have access to weather updates and avoid sailing when the weather is rough.

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‍ Do I Need a Big Boat to Cross the Atlantic?

Irrespective of whether you choose to sail or motor across the Atlantic, the boat you need has to be 30 feet or longer. Most experts recommend that 40 feet is the minimum safe size and ensures a comfortable sail.

This is not to say that it is impossible to head across the Atlantic in a smaller boat. But the reason for selecting a bigger boat is to ensure maximum safety. There are three significant factors that you have to consider when choosing a boat size:

Ability To Handle Rough Waters

The open waters of the Atlantic are prone to severe weather conditions. When Mother Nature turns gruesome, she can kick up the waves significantly. The last place you want to be in rough waters is in a small, feebly boat. Small boats are not designed to handle rough waters or severe storms and are at a high risk of sinking.

The Atlantic Ocean is susceptible to severe, unpredictable storms. The weather can turn awry in the open waters without any prior notice. It is important to remember that even 30 and 40 feet are not invincible to storms, but they are much safer than smaller boats, and it is the recommended size for the open ocean waters.

Storage Space

Crossing the Atlantic is not a few hours or a few days' job. Sailing from one shore to the other can take a few weeks to over a month. You will need to carry on the food, water, and other supplies to last you for the entire voyage.

You must remember that crossings can take much longer than you expect. It is best to be prepared than stranded at sea without food and water. A bigger boat will be able to hold more supplies.

If you plan to make the crossing using motor power, you will also need space for fuel, an extra motor, and other motor supplies.

It is important to remember that it starts to go deeper into the water as you add weight to the boat. This can make the boat more susceptible to the forces of rough waters. Keep your boat as light as you can without omitting the necessary supplies.

Room for Crew

Even if it is two or three of you on board, you will need a place to sleep and a personal space that you can use to stretch your legs and rest. The sea can be pretty monotonous at some times and very tiring at others. With a 30 or 40 ft boat, you can have room for everyone to sleep and rest when they need to.

Sailing Across the Atlantic in a Sailboat

The sun is shining bright, with a cool breeze blowing across. You are in your sailboat, with just the right wind in your sails. It's nothing but you, the blue waters of the Atlantic, and your precious little boat in the vast ocean. There is hardly anything dreamier than this for solitude lovers.

However, crossing the Atlantic is not always a serene and peaceful cruise. There are several risks, and with a sailboat , you are highly dependent on the wind and weather conditions.

If the wind were to stop, you could be stranded in open waters for much longer than you initially expected. Expert sailors recommend having a standby motor or even two in your sailboat, even if you never plan on using it. It will help you a great deal if the conditions take a turn for the worse.

Yes, the motor will weigh down your boat, but the peace of mind that you get with a motor on board far outweighs the cons of the added weight.

Your boat is mechanical equipment and can break down. You must have the right tools and spares to repair your boat while you are at sea. This means you should have tools for the motor, the sails, and the hull. The motor can break down, the sails can rip down during storms, and a damaged hull is the last thing you want.

Cost To Sail Across The Atlantic

The cost to sail across the Atlantic Ocean depends on a few factors, including the size and type of vessel you're using, the route you're taking, and how long you plan to stay at sea. A typical transatlantic crossing on a small sailboat can cost anywhere from $500 to $5000 to rent, while a larger yacht or commercial vessel can cost tens of thousands of dollars.

Of course, the cost of your voyage will also depend on how you plan to cross the Atlantic. The most popular routes are from the east coast of North America to Europe or from Europe to the Caribbean. Some transatlantic race events take place each year, which can be a great way to save money on your crossing.

If you're looking to sail across the Atlantic on a budget, you can do a few things to keep costs down. First, consider chartering a vessel instead of buying your own - this can be a great way to save money on both the cost of the boat and the cost of insurance.

Second, take advantage of stopovers along the way - many ports offer discounts for transatlantic sailors, so you can save on fuel and docking fees by spending a few days in each port. Finally, plan your crossing during the off-season - rates for both vessels and services are typically much lower during the winter months.

One of the most significant expenses when sailing across the Atlantic will be fuel. A small sailboat can burn through several hundred dollars worth of fuel in a single crossing, while a larger yacht can easily consume thousands of dollars. To save on fuel costs, consider using wind power as much as possible - this will save you money, and it's also better for the environment. The fuel costs can run between $50 to $500 per day, depending on how much motor power you are using and the size of the boat and the motors.

Docking Fees

Another significant expense when sailing across the Atlantic is docking fees. These can vary widely depending on where you're docking and how long you plan to stay, but they can add up quickly if you're not careful. Look for discount programs or package deals that include multiple nights at different docks to save on docking fees. Docking fees can range from $60 to $1500 per month, depending again on the size of the boat.

Food and Water Costs

You will also need to factor in the cost of food and water for your crew. It's essential to stock up on non-perishable items before setting sail, as you'll likely be unable to make stops for supplies once you're out at sea. You should also budget for additional costs like fishing gear if you plan on supplementing your diet with fresh seafood.

Finally, don't forget to factor in the cost of services when budgeting for your transatlantic crossing. These can include weather forecasting, navigation assistance, and even medical care if you're sailing on a long voyage. Be sure to research the cost of these services in advance to plan accordingly.

Several hidden costs include boat insurance, health insurance, toiletries, etc. All these can add up the costs depending on the size of your boat and the duration of your voyage. For instance, boat insurance can cost anywhere between $400 and $6000 per year. At the same time, health insurance can range from $1000 to $5000 per year.

Sailing across the Atlantic is a thrilling adventure with several costs - but it doesn't have to break the bank. By careful planning and doing some research, you can find ways to save money on your crossing and make it more affordable than you might think.

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Born into a family of sailing enthusiasts, words like “ballast” and “jibing” were often a part of dinner conversations. These days Jacob sails a Hallberg-Rassy 44, having covered almost 6000 NM. While he’s made several voyages, his favorite one is the trip from California to Hawaii as it was his first fully independent voyage.

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Sail Across the Atlantic – Everything You Need to Know

Whether you’re a serious sailor, sailing enthusiast or even a family with a shared love of the ocean, sailing across the Atlantic Ocean is an unforgettable offshore adventure.

Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean is a dream that has captivated the hearts and minds of adventurers, explorers, and sailors for centuries. The vast expanse of water stretching between the continents of Europe and the Americas offers a unique and exhilarating challenge that beckons those with a spirit of adventure.

How Long Does It Take To Sail Across the Atlantic

Embarking on a transatlantic voyage is a dance with time itself. The duration of the journey hinges on several factors, especially the route you choose to take.

The northern passage typically takes between 15 to 30 days, depending on the specific route taken and prevailing conditions, while the southern passage route usually takes around 20 to 40 days to complete, depending on factors such as wind strength and sailing speed.

Transatlantic Routes

The Atlantic Ocean offers several routes, each with its own unique character and challenges. 

Sailing West to East with the North Atlantic Route

The North Atlantic route is known for its challenging conditions, including strong winds, rough seas, and rapidly changing weather. Sailors must be prepared to handle adverse conditions and make strategic decisions to ensure the safety of the crew and the vessel.

The voyage typically begins on the east coast of the United States or Canada and follows a northeasterly course toward Europe from Bermuda. 

One of the most popular routes is from Bermuda to Portugal and covers just over 2,706 nautical miles and takes 20 to 25 days to complete. Another popular route is Bermuda to the United Kingdom via the Azores covering 3,129 nautical miles and taking 25 to 31 days to complete. 

The best time to complete this route is from 1 July to 30 September. 

Sailing East to West with the Southern Passage

The southern passage route from Europe to the Caribbean is guided by steady trade winds and a gentler rhythm of the ocean. It offers a more predictable and comfortable sailing experience, as sailors can harness the consistent trade winds that blow from east to west across the Atlantic. This route is popular among sailors seeking a smoother and more leisurely crossing. 

The voyage typically begins in Europe , often from ports in Portugal or Spain, and heads southwest toward the Caribbean. While the southern passage is generally more favourable in terms of weather and sea conditions, sailors must still remain vigilant and prepared for changes in wind strength and direction.

The most popular routes east to west are from Portugal to Barbados which covers 4,100 nautical miles and takes 21 to 31 days to complete, and from Gran Canaria to Saint Lucia which covers 2,700 nautical miles and takes 20 to 25 days to complete. 

The best time to complete this route is from 30 November to 28 February. 

Weather on an Atlantic Crossing

The weather during a sailing trip across the Atlantic is influenced by a complex interplay of factors. Prevailing wind patterns, such as the Trade Winds and the Westerlies, shape the direction and speed of the vessel’s journey. 

Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, can accelerate or impede progress, affecting navigation decisions. Atmospheric pressure systems, such as high atmospheric pressure and low-pressure areas, dictate wind strength and weather conditions. 

Seasonal variations and geographical features, like the Azores High and the Intertropical Convergence Zone, introduce variability in wind and rain patterns. Additionally, the Atlantic’s vast size and varied geography contribute to regional differences in climate, with the potential for sudden weather changes and the formation of storms.

Weather information and forecasts play a critical role in helping skippers make informed decisions to navigate challenging conditions and avoid potential dangers.

The Right Sailboat to Sail Across the Atlantic

Selecting the appropriate vessel for a transatlantic voyage is a decision that shapes the entire experience. 

Monohulls: Monohull sailboats are known for their stability in rough seas and their ability to handle a variety of weather conditions. However, it’s essential to choose a well-built, ocean-worthy vessel designed for long-distance cruising. The right one can provide a level of comfort and convenience that can be especially appealing for those seeking a more leisurely transatlantic crossing.

Multihulls: Crossing the Atlantic Ocean on a multihull sailboat, which includes catamarans and trimarans, is becoming increasingly popular due to their unique advantages and capabilities. Multihulls have multiple hulls, which offer benefits in terms of stability, speed, and comfort, as well as much mroe deck space. 

Tall Ship: Steeped in history and romance, tall ships evoke the nostalgia of a bygone era. Their majestic masts and billowing sails harken back to the golden age of exploration and offer a unique and authentic seafaring experience. However, despite their size, crossing the ocean with a tall ship has its challenges and demands a skilled crew familiar with traditional sailing techniques.

Unconventional Boats: Many unconventional boats have crossed the Atlantic. British adventurer Roz Savage completed two solo Atlantic Ocean crossings in a rowboat. While others have tried but not yet succeeded in unconventional vessels like Andrew Bedwell who tried to cross in a 3.5 metre vessel. 

Technology Onboard

When undertaking an Atlantic crossing, a boat should be equipped with essential technology for safety and navigation. This includes GPS, electronic charts, radar, AIS, communication tools like VHF radio and satellite phone, emergency equipment such as EPIRB and life rafts, navigation and weather software, power generation sources like solar panels and wind generators, and backup systems for redundancy. 

Having backup tools, spare parts, and navigational charts ensures preparedness for emergency repairs. Proper familiarity with and maintenance of these technologies are crucial for a successful and secure voyage.

Is Bigger Better?

Ultimately, the “right” boat size for crossing the Atlantic depends on your personal preferences, the type of vessel you’re comfortable with, your sailing experience, and your intended voyage. Smaller boats, including monohulls and multihulls, have successfully crossed the Atlantic Ocean, often with solo sailors or small crews. 

It’s essential to match the boat’s size with your skill level, comfort, and the goals you have for your voyage. Proper planning, preparation, and understanding your boat’s capabilities are key to a safe and enjoyable transatlantic crossing.

Who Can Sail Across the Atlantic

The allure of transatlantic sailing transcends skill levels, beckoning both seasoned sailors and those new to the world of seafaring.

Skill Level

Novices can sail in guided group expeditions. Many sailing schools and organisations offer transatlantic training programs designed to prepare novice sailors for the challenges of open-ocean voyages. These programs cover topics such as navigation, seamanship, weather forecasting, and emergency procedures, ensuring that participants are well-equipped to handle the demands of a transatlantic crossing.

To start gaining more knowledge consider a course like your RYA Day Skipper. 

Solo and Groups

Experienced sailors can opt for solo endeavours, navigating the challenges of the open water alone. Solo transatlantic crossings require a high level of skill, self-sufficiency, and mental resilience. Solo sailors must be prepared to handle all aspects of the voyage, from navigation and sail trim to maintenance and emergency repairs. It is not an easy task but a rewarding one. 

Group transatlantic voyages offer the opportunity to share the challenges and triumphs of the journey with like-minded individuals. Crew members can provide support, share knowledge, and contribute their unique skills to the overall success of the voyage.

When Is The Best Time To Sail Across The Atlantic?

Navigating the vast expanse of the Atlantic Ocean demands strategic timing to ensure a safe and rewarding transatlantic crossing. Sailors must carefully consider multiple factors when determining the best time to embark on this epic journey. 

Avoid Hurricane Season

To mitigate risks, it’s crucial to avoid the peak of the hurricane season, which spans from early June to late November, by planning departures before or after this period. 

Trade Winds

The trade wind seasons play a pivotal role. Departing between November and January is ideal for east-to-west crossings (Europe to the Americas), taking advantage of strong easterly winds, while west-to-east voyages (Americas to Europe) are best undertaken from April to June. 

Transitional Seasons

The transitional seasons of spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) offer milder conditions, reducing the likelihood of encountering severe weather. Additionally, the Northern Hemisphere summer (June to August) may provide calmer conditions near specific regions like the Azores and Bermuda due to seasonal temperature gradients. 

Monitoring and Flexibility

Even with careful planning, weather conditions can vary. Modern technology, including advanced weather forecasting and satellite communication, allows sailors to monitor changing weather patterns closely. This flexibility enables them to adjust departure dates to align with the most favourable conditions.

What To Expect When You Sail Across The Atlantic

Embarking on a transatlantic voyage is a transformative experience that unveils a variety of emotions and encounters.

Isolation and Self-Discovery

The vastness of the open ocean fosters introspection, offering moments of solitude and self-contemplation. Sailing farther from land, the ocean becomes a place for self-discovery. Away from distractions, sailors connect with their thoughts, gaining profound insights and a deeper understanding of themselves.

Adapting to Dynamic Conditions

Navigating the Atlantic demands adaptability, as calm waters can swiftly turn tempestuous. Sailors encounter a range of weather patterns, from tranquillity to storms. Success hinges on quick decision-making, adjusting sails, altering course, and ensuring safety in rapidly changing wind and wave conditions.

Marine Life and Celestial Wonders

The Atlantic unveils captivating marine life and celestial spectacles. Sailors witness dolphins, whales, and seabirds in their natural habitat. Nights offer starry skies and bioluminescent wonders, like meteor showers, illuminating the transatlantic journey with awe-inspiring beauty.

Camaraderie

The challenges and triumphs of crossing an ocean create a deep bond among crew members. Everyone is on the same journey, facing the same conditions, and working together towards a common goal.

Preparing for Sailing Across The Atlantic

Preparing for a transatlantic crossing demands meticulous planning and a comprehensive understanding of the necessities.

Route and Preparation

Craft a detailed route plan, communication strategies, and contingency plans for a successful transatlantic journey. Thorough preparation is key, covering route selection, departure dates, emergency procedures, and communication protocols. 

Consider wind patterns, currents, and potential hazards during route planning. Prepare provisions like food, water, and supplies. Develop contingency plans for adverse weather, medical emergencies, and navigation challenges.

Apparel for All Conditions

Pack layered clothing, foul-weather gear, and safety equipment to adapt to changing weather. Proper clothing ensures comfort and safety. Layering helps regulate temperature, and specialised gear like waterproof jackets, pants, and boots protects against the elements. Safety items like life jackets and harnesses are crucial on deck. Include hats, gloves, and sunglasses for sun protection.

Essential Gear and Tools

Equip with navigation tools, communication devices, safety gear, and spare parts. Success relies on proper gear. Navigation tools (GPS, charts, compasses) aid in plotting courses. Communication devices (satellite phones, radios) keep sailors connected. Safety gear like life rafts, EPIRBs, and flares are vital in emergencies. Carrying spare parts and tools prevents breakdowns.

Stock up on non-perishable food, fresh water, and cooking facilities. Consider food diversity and nutritional balance. Fresh water should be rationed, and watermakers or desalination systems help generate freshwater. Cooking facilities enable meal preparation, accounting for dietary preferences and nutritional needs.

Navigating Legally

Secure necessary permits and documentation for international waters. Crossing boundaries requires permits, visas, and paperwork for foreign ports. Research entry requirements and apply for permits early. Maintain organised vessel documentation for customs and immigration inspections.

Risks of Sailing Across the Atlantic

While Atlantic crossings offer an unparalleled sense of accomplishment, ocean sailing carries some inherent risks.

Weather Challenges

The Atlantic’s unpredictable weather presents dangers from storms to hurricane-force winds. Vigilant weather monitoring and advanced prediction tools help sailors adapt routes and sail plans. A defined storm plan, including course adjustments and reducing sail, is vital for safety in the face of approaching storms.

Health Considerations

Seasickness, fatigue, and medical emergencies require self-sufficiency at sea. Coping with seasickness involves staying hydrated and using medications. Combatting fatigue demands a well-structured watch schedule for adequate rest. Basic first-aid training and well-equipped medical kits are crucial for addressing health issues in remote settings.

Equipment Reliability

Vessel malfunctions demand resourcefulness and preparation. Mechanical, electronic, and communication systems can fail due to the ocean’s rigours. Pre-departure checks and onboard tools aid in identifying and addressing potential issues. Crew members should possess repair skills and improvisational abilities to tackle unexpected breakdowns and ensure vessel safety.

The ARC (Atlantic Rally for Cruisers)

Participating in organized events like the Atlantic Rally for Cruisers (ARC) is one way to cross the ocean. The Atlantic Rally for Cruisers (ARC) is a renowned annual sailing event organised by the World Cruising Club and a favourite in the yachting world. It brings together sailors worldwide and provides an opportunity for sailors to cross the Atlantic Ocean in the company of a group, enhancing safety and camaraderie. 

There are three different ARC events, which present three different ways to cross the Atlantic. 

The original and most well-known event is the ARC. It typically takes place in November and involves a west-to-east crossing of the Atlantic Ocean from Las Palmas de Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands to Rodney Bay in Saint Lucia, in the Caribbean. 

The ARC covers a distance of approximately 2,700 nautical miles and is open to a wide range of sailing vessels, from small cruisers to larger yachts. It offers a combination of bluewater sailing, challenges, and social activities, making it a popular choice for sailors seeking both adventure and community.

ARC Europe is a variation of the ARC that offers a more flexible route for sailors who prefer a northern European departure. It typically starts from a European port (such as Portsmouth, UK) and finishes in the same location as the main ARC event, Rodney Bay in Saint Lucia. ARC Europe provides participants with the opportunity to experience a mix of coastal and offshore sailing as they make their way south to the Caribbean.

The ARC+ is designed for sailors who want to extend their voyage and explore more destinations before reaching the Caribbean. The ARC+ event offers two routes: one starting from Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, as in the main ARC event, and another starting from Mindelo in Cape Verde. Both routes converge in Saint Lucia, giving participants a chance to experience different cultures and sailing challenges along the way.

Each of these ARC events emphasises safety, camaraderie, and adventure. The World Cruising Club provides extensive support, including safety seminars, social events, weather routing, and radio nets to ensure participants have a smooth and enjoyable crossing. 

Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean is a remarkable journey that demands a blend of skill, preparation, and a spirit of adventure. While it may seem like a daunting experience, it’s not just for seasoned sailors. With the right boat, people, equipment and preparation it is an accessible, life-changing adventure that almost anyone can enjoy. 

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Yachting Monthly

• Digital edition

How to sail across the Atlantic and back

• Elaine Bunting
• March 8, 2021

Confined to quarters during the pandemic, many sailors are itching to slip their lines and sail for the sun. Elaine Bunting explains exactly how to break free and sail across the Atlantic and back

If your dream is sailing off into the sunset, making it a reality could be easier than you think

Just as the island of Hiddensee drew across the wake of the boat, Malin Andersson took up her camera and shot a video, writes Elaine Bunting .

When she looks at it now, a late summer scene from the Baltic coast of Germany, she remembers it as the instant she knew for certain she was right to think of leaving work to go cruising.

Malin and her partner Kaj Maass, both from Sweden and aged in their late twenties, met as students and formed a plan to take a year off before starting a family.

After years of scrimping, they bought a Bavaria 38 and renamed her Cross Ocean .

With the last tiny island of a summer cruise behind them, they began to prepare to sail across the Atlantic and back, and a year of adventure.

‘From then, we have never had a moment of regret about setting off,’ she says.

Each year, hundreds of yachtsmen of all ages sail across the Atlantic.

Some have only a few months of freedom, others plan to cruise indefinitely.

Their ambitions shape diverse choices in terms of boat design and preparations.

Here, we look at some of the biggest considerations if that is your goal, too.

What’s the right boat to sail across the Atlantic?

A good place to start might be with the question: can I sail across the Atlantic and back in the yacht I have now?

In most cases, the answer is yes.

Almost any well-prepared yacht of 30ft and upwards can tackle the downwind crossing, and indeed there is no reason why an even smaller boat can’t do it successfully.

People have crossed in Folkboats; the legendary American sailor Webb Chiles sailed across the Pacific in a converted 24ft dayboat, and some masochistic adventurers have crossed oceans in micro yachts not even long enough for them to stretch out in.

Two sailors I have repeatedly met over the years are Swedes Pekka and Barbro Karlsson.

They first crossed the Atlantic in 1986 in their 32ft Arvid Lauren-designed double-ender, Corona AQ .

Pekka and Barbo Karisson have sailed their 32ft double ender across the Atlantic multiple times over 30 years. Credit: World Cruising Club

Over the last 30 years, they have made multiple crossings back and forth, observing boats getting ever larger, even of the same LOA as theirs.

By comparison, theirs is dwarfed in every dimension, including beam and freeboard, yet it has everything this experienced couple need for living on board for six or more months every year.

So, really, it is a matter of cost, preference and expectation.

The big question is whether your current yacht is the best tool for the job given your budget.

Is it large enough for the crew you intend for longer passages, for the provisions, fuel and water?

A 35-footer might take 25-28 days to sail across the Atlantic from the Canaries to the West Indies.

Obviously, the longer and faster your boat is, the more stowage and water tankage you will have for less time at sea.

You might also ask yourself which parts of the adventure are the most valuable to you.

A solid yacht set up for bluewater cruising is a good option and can be sold once you return home. Credit: Tor Johnson

If you don’t intend to do the more arduous return home to Europe, maybe you don’t need a bigger, more expensive, more complex long-legged bluewater cruiser; you could consider shipping back – more on that option later.

If you intend to live on board for longer, then perhaps you will want more space, including for guests, greater comforts and faster passage times.

In that case, one solution might be to buy for the duration of the project a second-hand bluewater cruiser already well kitted out with the right gear, then sell her right afterwards.

‘I think that makes total sense,’ says Sue Grant, managing director of Berthon International, the well-known brokers specialising in bluewater cruisers.

‘The best thing you can do for a North Atlantic circuit is to buy from the guy who had the dream, had the money and didn’t go. A refit will always cost you more than you think.’

For a two- to three-season transocean cruise, Grant advocates stretching up to your next level, especially to a yacht that doesn’t need a big refit and brands with a strong residual value.

‘If you buy a high-quality Hallberg-Rassy or an Oyster then sell it you’d lose 10% of value but have three years for it.’

Buy a boat you will enjoy

While in the Azores in 2012 I met Stuart and Anne Letton, who were sailing their Island Packet 45, Time Bandit , back to the UK.

Their boat was brimming with sensible ideas for living aboard and I have kept in touch with them over the years as they are a wonderful source of thoughtful advice.

Since then they have sold the Island Packet , bought an Outremer 51 catamaran, sailed across the Atlantic again, and are presently in Indonesia having sailed across the Pacific.

In total, they have now logged a very impressive 60,000 miles.

Catamarans are increasingly popular thanks to their speed and space. Credit: Stuart & Anne Letton

‘Before we went cruising, I spent a lot of time looking at what would be the best, safest mode of transport. I wanted a proven, tough, sturdy, bombproof ocean cruiser, hence Time Bandit [the Island Packet], the “Beige Battleship”,’ says Stuart.

‘Having spent my sailing career racing performance dinghies and keel boats, this was something of a departure for me. It was safe. And a bit boring. However, the reality is you all end up in the same place, give or take a few days. With reflection, though, I’d say, buy a boat that will make you happy, one that reflects your sailing style and capabilities. We opted for slow but safe and used the safe features a handful of days in 10 years. Those were years we could have been enjoying more rewarding sailing.

‘Buy what you will enjoy, can afford and are able to keep running. Do the maths on running costs, rig, insurance and repairs, and work that into the budget.’

Asked about their ideas of the ideal size for a couple, the Lettons comment: ‘Generally I’d say bigger is better, but the costs are exponential. Personally, for two up, I think around 40-45ft feet is a good size: big enough to be safe and comfortable, small enough to manage.’

Tips on how to sail across the Atlantic from Stuart & Anne Letton

The couple own the Outremer 51, Time Bandit and have completed four Atlantic crossings and sailed 60,000 miles

Stuart and Anne Letton.

‘Being very well set up for dead downwind sailing is important, especially well thought-out preventers, fore and aft on the spinnaker pole and main boom.

‘An asymmetric or spinnaker will keep you moving in lighter air.

‘Save on gas with a Thermal Cookpot and get as much free power from water and sun as you can.

‘Trade in your trusty CQR or Bruce anchor for a spade or similar “new technology” anchor .

Is a bigger boat better for crossing the Atlantic?

Like the Lettons, I think 40-45ft is something of a sweet spot, offering the volume and tankage required for longer cruising, yet still manageable by a small crew.

Bigger has its advantages, even up to 55ft (above that the loads become too large to handle manually and maintenance is a massive chore for a family crew, requiring significant time and budget).

The waterline length and extra speed will be your friend, most of the time.

Speed is your ally in evading bad weather, and if you are sailing to a schedule.

The Witt family sailed around the world as part of the World Cruising Club World ARC

Karsten Witt and his wife, Sheila, circumnavigated in the World ARC in their X-55 Gunvør XL , and he says: ‘It was hardest work for the smaller or slower boats. They are at sea longer, therefore experience more and sometimes harder weather, arrive later in port, get more tired and have less time to make repairs and bank downtime.

‘I would always go for a modern boat that’s faster,’ he adds.

‘If you had a heavy 40ft cruiser you would miss weather windows. Other boats spend days battling headwinds because they were doing 6-7 knots upwind and they couldn’t point. We averaged 200 miles a day every day, so in five days were a long way away and in completely different weather.’

But you certainly don’t need a large or expensive yacht, just a well-prepared one.

Starting with the basics: safety gear, fire and gas installations, good sails with deep reefs, in date and inspected rig, winches and all machinery serviced, and power and battery systems upgraded if necessary, plus full inspection of keel fastenings and rudder, skeg and bearings.

After that, you really need to know how everything on board works, how you’d repair or service it and, if you can’t, how you would manage without.

Karsten and Sheila Witt and family enjoyed the extra pace and comfort of their X-55. Credit: World Cruising Club

Only after considering that is it worth adding complexity.

Multiple power generation systems, including hydro-generator and solar panels, watermakers, diesel generators and WiFi networks.

Mark Matthews is marine surveyor who ran Professional Yacht Deliveries for 12 years, a company that moves around 200 yachts and averages 350,000 miles a year.

When he made his own Atlantic crossing, it was in a 42ft production yacht.

‘We kept the original sail plan and sails and did not have a generator or other means of charging the batteries apart from the engine. We took bottled water to supplement the on-board tankage. We only invested in a secondhand satellite phone, jerrycans for additional fuel, fishing tackle, wind scoops for the West Indies and provisions for the crossing. We crossed from the Canaries to the West Indies in 17 days,’ he explains.

But if you are looking at a boat for the way back to Europe or outside the downwind routes of the tropics, maybe you should look at more conservative, heavier displacement types, he suggests.

A yacht for a one-way voyage?

The downwind Tradewinds crossing can really be tackled in any well-prepared boat large enough for your crew, so one way to look at an Atlantic circuit is to weigh up first how you feel about the way back home, and factor that into the cost equation.

A growing number of sailors spend the winter season in the sun, or several consecutive seasons between periods of work, then ship their boat back.

This on-off cruising lifestyle could be compatible with some remote working, so while extremely expensive in itself, shipping represents a trade-off that could be worth considering.

You may find a smaller boat adequate, especially if you are shipping it home. Credit: Neville Hockley

Minus requirements dictated by the longer, more windward crossing back home, perhaps you could go in a ‘one-way/downwind-only/island-hopping’ boat option.

That could be a much smaller boat, a lighter, simpler or more performance-orientated yacht.

A one-way voyage involves relatively short times at sea, possibly three weeks at most, and you might be able to manage without spending a fortune on equipment.

This year, Peters & May will be loading from Antigua, St Lucia and Martinique and have ships going into the Med, Southampton and other North Sea or Baltic ports.

Michael Wood, general manager of Peters & May, quotes typical prices of US$10,200 for a 32-footer and US$21,600 for a 41-footer.

Unlike a delivery service, shipping saves on the wear and tear from an Atlantic crossing, so is also something to weigh up.

Ready to go?

Typically, getting ready to go off for an Atlantic circuit or more needs a two- to three-year runway.

I have met people who have done it much quicker – I recently met an American family who only decided to go cruising last June and were in the Canary Islands with a brand new catamaran in November – but it is stressful, and you risk sailing away with a long list of warranty work needed, and jobs lists incomplete.

It might take most of a year to choose, trial and select the right boat, then you could spend the next year sailing from your home port, preparing, fitting new gear, testing and sea trialling everything and upping your knowledge level.

Kaj Maass and Malin Andersson, an engineer and a pre-school teacher respectively, bought their Bavaria 38 Cross Ocean in 2016 for €80,000 and lived on board for a summer and winter to increase their savings.

You’ll need space to store enough food for the crew – though choice in foreign ports may be limited. Credit: Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

‘You don’t have to set off for several years right away, you could make the adventure in smaller parts,’ says Kaj.

‘We met several sailors who sailed for a couple of months, left the boat, flew back home, and continued later on. We adjusted upgrades, the time frame for the adventure, and saved during our day-to-day lives before setting off.’

Do make sure everything you fit for your cruise is well-tested and problems ironed out before you set out to sail across the Atlantic.

If you buy a new boat, expect lots of snagging.

Sorry to say it, but yards tend to put switches, filters and so on in silly places, and because yachts have relatively low volume sales, information about fitting or installation problems can take a while to circle back and be corrected.

Kaj and Malin replaced their engine for peace of mind. Credit: Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

If you leave before inevitable glitches are corrected, you could spend days arguing with the boatbuilder or manufacturer about who is responsible and how they are going to get spare parts to you.

This quickly rubs the nap off a dream cruising life.

A year of home-range cruising will also allow you to gain all the knowledge and training you need, which should include essential maintenance know-how and medical and sea survival training (people tend to rave about the latter, interestingly).

It will also allow you time to prepare a manual about your boat, with info and serial numbers and specs of everything on board, which will pay you back handsomely if you need advice or spares.

Tips on how to sail across the Atlantic from Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

The couple own the Bavaria 38, Cross Ocean and have sailed from Sweden to the Caribbean and back via the Azores

Malin hoists a courtesy flag as their Bavaria 38 makes landfall in St Lucia. Credit: Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

‘You do not need that much. Less equipment equals fewer breakages.

‘We would never go without a windvane and we are definitely pleased with having a centre cockpit boat, which keeps you safe and dry in the centre of the boat, though the master cabin is worthless at sea.’

Go with the kids

There has been a big upswing in families taking a year or 18 months out from normal lives, to return later.

This seems to coincide with that point in an established, stable career where a sabbatical is possible, there is enough money to buy a boat for a special project, parents are healthy and the kids are not yet in the run up to major exams.

Most often, the sailing families I meet have children aged between five and 12.

Crossing an ocean with a family is entirely feasible. The Paterson family took part in the 2018 ARC on their Moody 471. Credit: World Cruising Club/James Mitchell

The obvious rewards for children spending every day with their mum and dad have to be weighed against the considerable extra work and commitment, though I have yet to meet a parent who regretted it.

In 2019, Russell and Kate Hall sailed across the Atlantic in their Hallberg-Rassy 46 with their boys, Hugo, 8, and Felix, 6.

‘Somebody said to us that living with kids on a boat for a year is like living on land with them for four years,’ Kate laughs.

‘It can be quite draining but it’s also part of the reason why we are doing this, so it’s the yin and yang.

Additional crew can help with sailing and school when you sail across the Atlantic. Credit: Erin Carey

‘There are jobs that require both of us and you have to rely on the children to keep themselves safe at times. They sleep really well on board and they go to bed at sunset and wake at sunrise, then they’re full of beans. You might not have had much sleep. It takes a while to adjust.’

The Halls concentrated on the basics of English and maths, and then tailored history or geography or science projects around places they were visiting.

This seems to work for most families.

Schools will usually provide a curriculum plan for time out, and there are a lot of distance learning and ‘school in a box’ courses for homeschooling children, such as Calvert and Oak Meadow.

‘My advice would be to be easy on yourself,’ advises Kate Hall.

Celebrating milestones can help bolster a young crew’s morale when you sail across the Atlantic. Credit: Erin Carey

‘We started with five hours’ schooling a day and then reduced that to two-and-a-half. Chill and relax; it all works out. There are always things to learn.’

If you are planning to sail across the Atlantic with kids, look at taking on extra hands to help with the sailing.

Also consider joining the ARC rally where in port you share a pontoon with all the other family boats so there are lots of other kids of different ages for yours to socialise with, as well as an organised daily kids club.

The friendships made between adults and children also often shape later cruising plans.

Seasons and routes to sail across the Atlantic

If you are planning on sailing across the Atlantic, don’t leave it too late to set off across Biscay – late August or September is pushing your luck from a weather point of view.

Ideally, make the most of the summer cruising opportunities travelling south through France, Spain and Portugal – these could be among the best parts of the trip.

Annually, the ARC rally leaves the Canary Islands in November, the ARC+ heading for Mindelo in Cape Verde first, and the ARC direct to St Lucia.

This is so that crews can be in the Caribbean for Christmas.

White sails can make a solid downwind sail plan if well set up with preventers and guys

It is early in the season for Tradewinds, though, and you may have to be prepared for a trough, a front, or calms – or all three – on the way across unless you wait until January.

Whether you cross early or not, my own personal preference would be to go via Cape Verde.

It’s a fascinating archipelago and culture, a place to re-provision or make repairs, and it breaks up the crossing.

It lengthens the time away and overall distance, as Mindelo is 800 miles south- west of the Canaries, but the leg south into ‘butter melting’ latitudes will then put you into almost guaranteed Trades, even in November.

From the Caribbean, you can then sail up to Florida via the Bahamas, or the US East Coast, or return to Europe via the Azores.

The routes to sail across the Atlantic and back. Credit: Maxine Heath

For the return to Europe, most cruisers generally strike out from Tortola in the British Virgin Islands or St Maarten, both good for provisioning, spares, chandlery and repairs, or head up to Bermuda and wait for a springboard forecast for Horta.

From here, crews will again wait to pick their timing to head across to Spain or Portugal or up to the UK.

According to Jimmy Cornell, author of World Cruising Routes , as early as March and as late as mid-May there are reasonable chances of favourable south-easterly and south-westerly winds on leaving the Eastern Caribbean.

The advice he offers is to track north-easterly towards the Azores and stay south of 30°N until 40°W.

For cruisers a southerly route is generally the preferable passage to choose, staying south of the Gulf Stream in lighter winds and taking on extra fuel and motoring if conditions deem necessary.

How much will it cost to sail across the Atlantic and back?

Cruising costs will depend on how you wish to live while cruising.

If you want to spend time in marinas, eat out regularly, hire cars, take tours and fly home occasionally, obviously that will be different to a more self-contained life on board at anchor.

As a guide, we asked Swedish couple Kaj and Malin to add up their costs to prepare for their trip and during the 14-month sabbatical.

Costs will be much lower where you can stay at anchor rather than berth in a marine. Credit: Kaj Maass/Malin Andersson

‘The budget for our trip was €80,000 to buy the boat, and €30,000 of upgrades,’ Kaj says.

The upgrades included a new engine, new standing rigging, a Hydrovane and satellite communications.

They dropped the rudder and the keel and reinforced the area around it.

Of the total budget, around €10,000 was spent on safety equipment.

Continues below…

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Their cruising costs were around €2,500 a month for the two of them, averaging out the most expensive parts of the journey from Sweden to the Canary Islands, when harbour fees were costing around €40 a night.

This would cover some eating out ashore and car rental for tours.

Over the longer term, a good rule of thumb is to allow 20% of the cost of your boat for running repairs to cover antifouling, sail replacement, servicing and, if you are leaving your boat to return home, you’ll need to factor in haul-out, storage and hurricane tie-downs.

If you plan to buy a boat, sail it back and sell it right after your trip, however, you may be able sidestep some ongoing costs.

Cutting the cord

Maybe you don’t have to wait until retirement to go cruising.

There is a strong argument for taking a career break (or breaks) and working for longer if necessary as it spreads the cost and reduces the risk of the big adventure never happening.

Additional offwind sails, like a furling Code 0, can keep the boat moving in light airs for more enjoyable sailing and to save fuel. Credit World Cruising Club

Around half of the people I meet on transatlantic rallies are taking sabbaticals and intending to return to the same post, or have quit a job.

Both options have become quite acceptable, and in some professions and countries sabbaticals are actively encouraged as a retention incentive.

‘Tell the world you are leaving,’ advises Kaj Maass.

‘Make sure you create some pressure on yourself to realise your dream. Involve your employer early on in the planning process. A modern employer will understand and respect your decision to explore the world and live out your dreams, maybe they even see a long-term benefit from the knowledge and experience you will gain from it and you can [negotiate] a leave of absence.’

Satellite comms add a level of safety and keeping in touch but can be costly. Credit: Richard Langdon/Ocean Images

Those running a business may bring in a trusted general manager or step up a family member while they are away.

Keeping tabs on business while away is possible (though it can be expensive in satellite data) but it’s not something that generally works well on a day-to-day basis.

You do need to be able to cut the ties to enjoy cruising, not least because the cruising life comes with its own workload, from maintenance to laundry.

Long-distance cruising comes with its own workload and maintenance. Credit: Kaj Maass/Malin Andersson

‘Trying to mix work and pleasure compromises both,’ says Stuart Letton.

Before setting out, the Lettons brought their son in to run their web-based business supplying global brands with customisable marketing material.

‘While our business was under new management, it was still a struggle for me to let go. I can remember sitting in WiFi cafés from Spain to the Galapagos trying to blend cruising with work and, while it helped my conscience, I doubt the effort did much for work or cruising.

‘That’s not to say it isn’t possible. With good WiFi and satellite connections you really can work pretty much anywhere . But if you don’t need to, I’d cut the ties, burn the bridges and go. If you need to work, fine, just get your management team in place, communication systems properly set up and resourced, and go.’

It helps to set a deadline so you can realise your dream and sail across the Atlantic. Credit: Kaj Maass/Malin Andersson

However you plan to break free, what really helps is a deadline: a date that you are going set off, with a scene you can visualise to keep you motivated as you work through the preparations and demands of shore life.

Most preparations are really just logistics, and you’re probably already pretty good at that.

The bigger obstacle is often mustering the courage to leave.

I often hear cruisers describe hassles – one described cruising as the act of sailing from one place where you couldn’t get something fixed to another where you hoped you would – yet when I ask for their best advice it usually boils down to a simple prescription: just go.

Kaj Maass said exactly that when I asked him that question.

‘Just do it. Life is too short not to live out your dreams.’

To rally or not?

This is entirely a personal choice.

Advantages of the ARC , which is the best organised and biggest, are great seminars, preparation information and tools.

It’s also an ideal way to meet lots of fascinating, like-minded people, and is agreed to be good value despite costs.

It also gives you a departure date to hold yourself too.

For a first taste of ocean sailing, it can be reassuring and fun to join a rally to sail across the Atlantic, like the ARC. Credit: James Mitchell/World Cruising Club

Plus is has good parties and entertainment on tap to keep crew happy.

The cons would be its early crossing date for the Tradewinds season, large fleet size (though check out ARC+, which is smaller) or if you just want to be low-key and go it alone.

The Viking Explorers rally is one alternative, but not many others still run.

If you do your own thing, you will still find a wonderful cruising community anywhere cruisers other, and there is fantastic support across the world for independent voyaging through the Ocean Cruising Club.

Preparations for sailing across the Atlantic  – the basics

While in no way a comprehensive list of preparations, here are some jumping off points to think about when planning your voyage:

• Learn how to service and maintain your engine and key machinery, have a good set of tools on board. Video repair tips and techniques when you have technicians on board to refer to later.
• Have your yacht lifted, antifouled , stern gear serviced, and anodes replaced. Consider fitting a rope cutter . Also check steering systems and replace rudder bearings.
• Create a boat manual with all your procedures, equipment and the location of safety and medical equipment for crew to access.
• Fit an autopilot capable of handling your yacht in an ocean swell, fully laden downwind in 30 knots of breeze. Have a back-up if shorthanded, or two separate systems for redundancy.
• Have power systems checked and replace or upgrade batteries if necessary . If you upgrade batteries, consider if additional charging is necessary .
• Get first-class safety equipment for all crew on board.
• Have all sails serviced by a sail loft and consider double stitching all panels. With slab reefing mainsails, get a deep third reef.
• Set up a good boom preventer for downwind sailing on both tacks. That can be just lines and blocks but set up so you can gybe and switch preventers without leaving the cockpit.
• Check all running rigging and ensure you have adequate spare halyards set up before you depart. Think about chafe prevention.
• Choose your crew carefully. Make sure you are all comfortable sailing together and that roles are established well before you leave.

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Atlantic crossing by boat

• ⭐ Is it necessary to plan the route to Cross the Atlantic? Sailing across the Atlantic is a high-seas sailing activity and, therefore, it is essential to plan the route to minimize setbacks and navigate with favorable winds and currents.
• ✅ What is the best time to cross the Atlantic? The best time to cross the Atlantic by sailboat from Europe or Africa to the American continent is between the months of October and January, coinciding with the arrival of the Trade Winds and the low season of hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean.
• ⌚ How long does it take to cross the Atlantic by sailboat? The transatlantic crossing can last between 15 and 30 days, depending on the capabilities of the ship and the route they intend to take.
• ⚡ Is it dangerous to cross the Atlantic by sailboat? The main danger involved in crossing the Atlantic by sailboat are tropical storms and hurricanes. For this reason, the crossing is always carried out once the hurricane season ends, to avoid the risk of encountering these meteorological phenomena.
• ✍ Do I need experience to cross the Atlantic by boat? It is not necessary that you have specific nautical skills to embark on an Atlantic crossing, although it is advisable to have some experience in navigation.
• ➡️ How much does it cost to cross the Atlantic by sailboat? As you can see in Sailwiz, the price of the Atlantic Crossing varies depending on the type of ship and what is included in the package, although in general, the tickets usually start at 1,000 euros.
• If you have always dreamed of crossing the Atlantic but have never dared, this is the time to make it happen. You just need to enjoy the adventure and some time (around a month) to cross the Atlantic by sailboat.

Crossing the Atlantic by boat: start of the season

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How to Cross an Ocean: Bringing Ranger Home

• By Jim Carrier
• Updated: February 5, 2013

You’ve lived your dream. You’ve sailed across the Atlantic Ocean. You’ve cruised in Spain, Italy, and even some of Africa. It’s time to go home.

But how? That’s the question I faced 10 years after Ranger ‘s Mediterranean adventure began. ( Click here to read “ Ranger ‘s Refit—and the Real Rewards,” from CW ‘s June 2003 issue.)

The options were easy: sail her back, hire a delivery crew, or ship her on a freighter. But the choice, made routinely by hundreds of transatlantic sailors every year, was complicated, and personal.

Driven from Spain by a tax crackdown at the start of Europe’s economic woes, I’d docked Ranger in Tunisia at an upscale marina. She’d been in the water for three years tended by a German expat who regularly started her engine, ran through her gears, and adjusted her lines.

But she was a mess, sirocco sand-blasted, her dodger sun-rotted, her bottom a microbiologists’ encyclopedia. Her flares, EPIRB, and life raft were out of date. Basic systems were in good shape—sails, rigging, even the batteries—but the list of to-dos, no matter which route I took home, would take time and money.

Shipping Her Home

Until the mid-1980s, shipping a yacht on a freighter was a rare, pricey move. But there are now four major companies in the business, rates are competitive though not cheap, and the service, with occasional exceptions, is reliable and safe.

Unique among them, because of its float-on/float-off semi-submersible freighters, is Dockwise Yacht Transport of Florida. The other three— Yacht Path International , Sevenstar Yacht Transport , and Peters and May —rent space on freighters going your way and use cranes and cradles for deck shipment. This year, the four companies will ship some 1,200 to 1,500 sailing yachts all over the world.

Because its schedule seemed as reliable as an Italian train, give or take 14 days, I asked Dockwise for its cheapest option, which turned out to be a ship returning to Florida after delivering luxury motorboats for the Med’s summer season. The price for my 42-year-old boat, valued at $45,000, was a shock: $11,600.

Sailors I interviewed shipped their boats for a number of reasons.

Phillip Yaffa of Miami shipped his Tayana 47, Peregrina , home from Turkey after three years of cruising in the Med. With business demands, he couldn’t afford the time for the long sail back through the Canaries after hurricane season. After pricing a cheaper delivery option, but adding wear and tear, he paid Dockwise $25,000.

Fabian Mueller of Zurich, Switzerland, shipped his 30-foot steel sloop Habichuela back to Europe from Florida in the fall of 2010 because he was out of vacation time and the boat had suffered damage to sails, the autopilot, and sailing instruments on its passage from the Canaries. After gathering bids from Sevenstar and Peters and May, he negotiated the lowest fee, $9,500, from Dockwise, and thought it worth the money. He estimated that he would’ve spent at least $5,000 to repair and ready her to sail home himself. “I didn’t have that many options,” he said. “The day the boat arrived in Genoa, I was very happy.”

Time and tenderness were on the mind of Pascal Oddo when he hired Dockwise to carry Falcon , a 1930 Lawley Boatyard-built Q racing boat from Rhode Island to France just in time for the Les Voiles d’Antibes, a classic-yacht race in the spring of 2012. The 52-foot wood sloop had been restored in 2007 and listed for sale at $495,000.

Sailing the Atlantic was out of the question, and after comparing bids, Oddo chose Dockwise for the convenience.

“The plan was to race her. When we arrived to meet the freighter, we put the sails on, and we were ready to sail off, which was fantastic,” he said by phone from Paris, where he manages a private-equity fund. “We did well. We came in second.”

Eric Korchia, a Miami developer, shipped Maxilana , a Jeanneau 53, on Dockwise after being stranded in Athens, Greece, for more than a month by Yacht Path. At the last minute, he hired a delivery crew to meet the Dockwise freighter in Italy. Dockwise charged him $25,000.

While there was a grin on his face when he saw his $700,000 boat in Florida, Korchia remained livid with Yacht Path, which had promised, but failed, to pick the boat up in Greece. After being threatened by an attorney, Yacht Path returned his $26,000 fee, although not an additional $20,000 that he says he spent on marina and delivery fees.

Yacht Path manager Kevin Cummings blamed unforeseen freighter delays and said that his company kept Korchia informed. The company, started by Cummings and his siblings, whom he describes as “working-class guys” without venture-capital backing, will ship 650 boats this year. It routinely fulfills its promises, and it’s often the cheapest. But it’s the only one of the carriers with complaints—there are four—that are on file at BoatU.S.

Hire a Delivery Crew

Shopping for a delivery captain is a bit like hiring a nanny. Price isn’t as important as experience, reputation, and chemistry. That said, the first thing I wanted to know was how much it would cost to put my baby into the hands of a stranger for a risky couple of months.

My queries produced a gaping array of charges ranging from $4,000 to $14,000. To help me judge, I consulted John LeFevre of The Moorings, who hires delivery captains to ship the company’s charter fleet between the Med and the Caribbean. His average cost for a delivery skipper from Greece to Tortola is $13,250, including airfare and food.

The Moorings’ boats are privately owned catamarans and monohulls that are less than five years old and well equipped for an ocean passage. (See “If You Go It Yourself,” below.) Captains basically get on and go.

As I went over Ranger ‘s equipment, I realized how idiosyncratic my 35-foot Allied Seabreeze yawl had been—a one-man boat full of decisions, compromises and, yes, defects, that no one else could be expected to know. There was no manual describing the periodic clunk in the anchor locker, the loose mizzen stays that were OK, or how the autopilot connected through that hole using this pin kept in one of those plastic bags in the middle drawer on the port side by the cabin door that won’t stay latched.

It always took me a week to get to know her when I paid a visit. Her condition made selling her in Europe impossible—especially during the Euro crisis. How could I ask a delivery captain to take her across an ocean?

“I have to know how to fix, identify, and work every single system, even though I’ve never seen it, because my life will depend on it,” said Blaine Parks of Parks Marine Services of Palmetto, Florida. Unlike most delivery crew, he insists that the owner be aboard on a voyage as long as a transatlantic.

Parks charges $250 to $300 a day, plus $150 a day for a mate, an average rate among professional delivery crews. For an ocean crossing, he wants a third mate at $100 a day.

He recommended that I look for captains with multiple transatlantic crossings, experience in the voyage’s ports of call, and a good reputation backed by references and their own insurance.

Gerry and Darby Gragg were rank beginners when they bought So Bella , a Passport 42, in 2000 and began cruising in western Costa Rica. “We took off knowing as little as someone could about cruising and sailing,” Gerry told me in Gaeta, Italy.

After reading a Cruising World spread on the Mediterranean (see “Promise of the Mediterranean,” November 2007), they decided to head there. Yacht Path offered to ship So Bella from Golfito, Costa Rica, to Palma de Mallorca for $34,000. The Graggs chose instead to use Yacht Path to move So Bella to Fort Lauderdale, at a cost of $13,000, in time for Gerry to sail the Atlantic. With their “savings,” they hired a captain and mate from Oceans Captain. Were it not for a transmission failure in Bermuda, the crossing would’ve been cheaper, he said.

“These two men had 15 crossings under their belts. It was essentially an advanced-sailing seminar on my own boat, and it was an experience I’ll always treasure,” he said.

Gragg has decided to ship So Bella back to the United States next year so he can sell her on the East Coast during the summer. Dockwise provided a cheaper quote and a firm shipping window between April 22 and May 6. “To get my boat from Genoa to Fort Lauderdale in 15 days with hopefully little wear and tear for $23,000 is a good value, if one is honest about the indirect expenses of a crossing.”

Sail It Yourself

For the vast majority of transatlantic sailors, sailing home is the only choice. Cruising funds may be running low, but while living aboard, they’ve likely kept the boat in working order. Provisions, dock fees, and a couple of months of their time are the primary costs.

A survey by the World Cruising Club of participants in the Atlantic Rally for Cruisers shows that on average, boats spent around $2,500 for provisions and $1,400 for fuel during their three- to four-week crossing from Las Palmas, in the Canary Islands, to St. Lucia.

Joining the ARC costs $1,000 or more, but the rally’s care and safety requirements—tougher than ones that independent sailors might choose themselves—are designed to produce successful crossings.

When I took a sober look at Ranger , I estimated that upgrades, crew travel, and food costs would top $7,000. Having done the crossing, I knew that a few thousand dollars more should be in an overdraft account just in case. Clearly, my cheapest alternative was to sail home myself with a couple of volunteer crew.

On March 1, 2012, I flew to Genoa, Italy, bought a reconditioned life raft for $500, and carried it on a ferry to Tunisia. After two weeks of work on Ranger , first mate Wally Wallace and I departed for Sicily. I’d rendezvous with Dockwise in Genoa during the first week of May.

Ultimately, my decision came down to time, money, and a large X factor. Crossing the ocean to Europe in my little old boat was an achievement, a costly, exhausting journey of a lifetime. Ranger and I were now 10 years older. With “transatlantic sailor” inscribed on my heart, I had neither the need nor the desire to sail home.

When my father died, my share of the sale of his house yielded enough to buy a ride. I decided to turn the 1,000-mile sail up the Italian coast into a shared vacation with friends and family, likely my last great offshore adventure aboard Ranger . Having made the decision, I ordered charts for the Keys and the Chesapeake.

Ranger arrived in Fort Lauderdale on May 23 looking like a floating peanut in the vast hold of Dockwise’s Yacht Express. I climbed aboard and motored into a Florida sunrise.

The next morning, at Bahia Mar, the bilge pump died.

If You Go It Yourself

Before setting out on a transatlantic crossing—or on any bluewater adventure, for that matter—a prudent skipper makes sure that the boat is well equipped. The equipment list below is based on recommendations from the Atlantic Rally for Cruisers and The Moorings. The gear requirements for the Newport-Bermuda Race and ISAF race recommendations are both other good sources for the gear you’ll need.

Emergency Equipment

• Offshore life raft large enough to carry all crew • Life jackets with harnesses • Flares • Abandon-ship bag with flares, water, food, and survival tools • Offshore first-aid kit • Rescue lines • Signaling equipment

Electronics

• EPIRB • Satellite phone or SSB radio • Automatic Identification System receiver, preferably with transponder • Electronic tracking device similar to SPOT or to DeLorme’s InReach • VHF radio • Handheld VHF • Navigation lights • Searchlight • LED flashlights

For the Boat

• Navigation tools and charts • Compass • Sextant and tables • Binoculars • Depth sounder • Fog horn • Radar reflector • Fire extinguishers (3 of them, all up to date) • Fire blanket • Companionway washboards • Through-hull plugs • Emergency tiller • Hacksaw and blades • Buckets • Dinghy and oars • Storm jib and trysail • Second manual bilge pump • Sea anchor

Jim Carrier is a CW contributing editor. Ranger now lies on the hard at Glades Boat Storage, west of Lake Okeechobee, Florida. Her to-do list remains a work in progress. This article first appeared in the Hands-On Sailor section of our December 2012 issue.

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What kind of boats cross the Atlantic Ocean? 7 Options explained

You’re looking for a way to go across the Atlantic without flying. What options are out there? Here are 7 options explained. I’ve tried five of them.

Sailing an ocean on a Small sailing vessel

Many privately owned sailing vessels cross the Atlantic to spend a sunny sailing season either in the Mediterranean or Caribbean or as part of their around-the-world voyage. It is a big deal for them and attracts all sorts of seamen and women: young ‘pirate’ dudes who have escaped the rat race, adventure couples, retirees, families, groups of friends, and single older sailors.

The largest share of the captains is between 50 – 65 years old. It’s the group that has the time and money resources to sail. All sorts of nationalities make the crossing, with the French and Swedish seeming to dominate the fleet.

By crewing on a small sailing yacht, you’ll be involved with every aspect of seamanship and sailing. You will learn a lot for sure. Many boats choose to stop in Cape Verde or the Azores, and often don’t have tight schedules.

Boats come in all sorts of shapes and materials. Hulls are made from steel, wood, aluminium, and today mostly of fibreglass. 90% of the boats crossing the ocean is bigger than 36ft, with most of them measuring around 44ft. (14m).

A smaller yacht could also be perfectly ocean-worthy. I’ve seen boats of 26 ft. crossing the pond. Some adventure people row across the Atlantic. In 2017 someone even Stand Up Paddled (SUP) across the Atlantic. Being on any boat is a luxury compared to that.

Six people (out of 100) I interviewed in my book crossed the Atlantic on a boat smaller than 36ft. and all of them would like to do it again. This year we also have Nadiem, Ocean Nomads member who’ll sail across in his little sailboat.

Both monohulls and catamarans cross the Atlantic. Catamarans are generally faster, more spacious, and rock less. On the flip side: they can flip!  If  they do, it’s a major challenge to come up again. Don’t worry, this is extremely unlikely. Having seen hundreds of boats planning, preparing and making the crossing, I estimate that roughly 70% of the boats that cross are monohulls.

With Ocean Nomads we sometimes have small liveaboard sailing vessels looking for crew in the network to sail across, or members recommend a vessel from their networks.

In our brand new Ocean Nomads Crew Course , I share all the tips and tricks for finding and securing a safe sailing vessel with which to sail as crew. Eco & Adventure style. 

Sail with me & Ocean Nomads in Greece in 2024! Level up your sailing skills and make ocean people connections accelerating your sailing journey. 4 vessels, 11 days, 30 nomads! Learn More. 

Sail across the Atlantic on Superyacht

Many larger yachts cross the Atlantic as a ‘delivery’, where a boat needs to be taken from point A to B. Boats have to be moved across the ocean for a new charter season, for the private owner who will hop on board again on the other side, or because someone bought it on the other continent.

Usually, paid and professional crew do these types of deliveries. As an amateur crew member, you can be a cheap extra set of hands.

A yacht is a ‘superyacht’ when it is over 24 metres (79ft.). These are  big yachts. They often have generators running every day to keep fridges and freezers going. They load up thousands of litres of fuel and water, and are less dependent on the wind.

As such, there is less risk and generally more comfort. These trips often run on a tight schedule, so there won’t be much flexibility for stops along the way (like in Cape Verde or the Azores). In most cases, there will also be more people on board (five-eight people compared to three-five on smaller vessels).

Crossing on a big boat like this is faster, less adventurous, and more comfortable. The crew are often younger, and some live and work permanently on the boat. Many of them have crossed the Atlantic Ocean numerous times and are therefore less excited about it than the average ‘yachtie’.

Timelines are tight and there’s often not time for island exploration. Usually, you are expected to work hard. Also, it’s not unusual that superyachts don’t even use the sails to prevent damaging, and have the sails tip /top for when the owner comes on board.

A Transatlantic on a Charter yacht

If you would rather not have the pre-crossing adventure or spend too much time searching for a boat, and/or if money is not an issue, you can book a charter ocean passage. Charter trips are organised on all sorts of boats: small, big, monohulls, catamaran, and racing boats.

Numerous racing yachts cross the ocean reaching boat speeds up to 35 knots! In addition to professional crew, spots are sold and you can sign up for a wet and speedy adventure guaranteed.

A charter trip costs between €2,000 and €10,000. An organized trip like this could be advantageous if you’re on a tight schedule. It’s more likely to leave on the planned date.

At the same time, the time schedule could be a disadvantage. What if the weather window is not ideal to leave? In many cases, though not always, everything is taken care of such as provisioning and cooking, so you wouldn’t have to figure out much yourself.

Charter organisations need to comply with a lot of safety requirements and check ups to legally carry out the voyage. This assures some safety but still you need to do your homework if it’s a safe ride.

Another consideration of booking this type of passage is that you won’t know your shipmates. When you search the adventurous way, you have the opportunity to meet the other sailors before you commit to joining the crew. On a chartered passage you’re stuck with whoever else has booked the trip, even if you don’t like them.

With Ocean Nomads we work together with SV Twister and have the following Atlantic Crossing planned .

Sailing the Atlantic on a Tall ship

Every year, numerous tall ships sail across the Atlantic, like the Stad Amsterdam or Oosterschelde, and this year also SV Twister :) .  Sailing across on a large traditional boat is spectacular. Many young people work on the tall ships. You could either try that or buy yourself a passage.

I wrote the above in my book, a friend of SV Twister reached out to me. Long story short, last  year 2022/2023 I, with Ocean Nomads, organizing a trip across the Atlantic, Caribbean sea, and back across the Atlantic , and I now experience this way of sailing across also. You can join this trip in 2025 .

Update! We’re back from the Atlantic. And we made a film about it:) Here is a the film about Sailing the Atlantic with Ocean Nomads. My 5th Atlantic crossing.

Travel the Ocean with a Sail Boat Ferry

There are no sailing ferries (yet), although boats are being built for this purpose. At the time of writing, Voyagevert is conducting feasibility studies to construct the fastest and largest sailing catamaran for a ferry service as a sustainable alternative to flight for transatlantic travel. Also Fair ferry is looking into it.

A transatlantic on a cruise ships

Another kind of ferry are the cruise ships. More and more cruise ships cross the Atlantic to do the season on the other side. They need relocation and spots on board are sold as ‘repositioning cruises.’ It’s often cheaper than airfare and your house rent combined. One option that is cool, is ‘ Nomadcruise ,’ an Atlantic crossing for entrepreneurs and digital nomads.

These floating cities are not an environmentally friendly way to cross. It takes around eight days and a lot of noise to cross with a cruise ship. Data on emissions is remarkably difficult to find. Some sources state that an average cruise ship at sea emits more, and less filtered, smoke than one million cars combined each day.

In a one-week trip, a large cruise ship generates ten backyard swimming pools of blackwater (raw sewage) and 40 more swimming pools of greywater (water from sinks, baths, showers, laundry, and galleys). It also generates large volumes of oily bilge water, sewage sludge, garbage, and noise.

Sail Across the Atlantic on a Cargo ship

More cargo ships cross the Atlantic than sailboats. This is a non-sailing ship option that can take you across. Cargo ships usually rent out a few cabins to passengers. This costs a few thousand euros. Travelling with a cargo vessel can be a good alternative if you want to cross the ocean, don’t like sailing, and do not want to fly. Prepare to be surrounded by engine noise. Crossing on a cargo would take one to two weeks. Depending on the weather, cargo and size, cargo vessels run between 15-25 knots . 

There are also  sailing  cargo Atlantic crossing possibilities out there. ‘ Tres Hombres ‘ is a 32 metres Schooner transporting traditional goods like rum and chocolate between the Caribbean and Europe. Timbercoast is a 1920 built 43.5m Schooner that transports goods like coffee and gin. Both ships welcome crew on board helping out with this sustainable way of transporting goods.

My ocean sailing preference

“What kind of boat are you joining?” This was the first question most people asked me when I told them I was going to cross the Atlantic Ocean by sail. At the time, I knew nothing about boats, and thought “Does it matter? I just want to make the passage!” Having sailed across on five completely different boats across the Atlantic, I know now that the type of boat determines large part of the experience.Not just because of the boat, but because of the tasks and people involved with that type of boat.

My preference is to crew on a smaller monohull sailboat of 40-44ft – basic but adventurous and on these boats, I’ve met the coolest captains. Monohulls are more fun to sail. It’s easier to ‘feel’ the boat as opposed to a catamaran. It’s kind of like a scooter versus a quadbike.

Smaller boats generally allow for more exploring and socialising time around the harbour- since there’s usually less work to be done. This is the adventurous way of travelling by sailboat where you go with the weather and with others as excited about the adventure as you. I sailed as crew on these kind of sailboat for years ( Here is a video summary of my story ).

At the end, it’s the people who make the trip! In my survey amongst 100 Atlantic ocean Crew & Captains who have done it, almost everyone answered to the question: “what would you do different, if you’d go again?” “I’d take more time to find the right vessel, with like minded and value sharing people.

Finding a boat is the easy part, finding the right and safe vessel aligned with your vibes and values, is the main challenge. With Ocean Nomads we now created a toolkit to help you dip your toes into the ocean nomads lifestyle , happy, safe, and meaningful.

How to find a sail boat ride across the Atlantic?

Here’s what I and ocean nomads have created for you to help you get out there, happy, safe, and meaningful.

It’s that time of the year again when many head south and west to follow the sun, catch the tradewinds, and realize ocean dreams.

Travelling an ocean on someone else’s sailing boat, or taking a stranger on board is not a straightforward endeavour. To be ready to expect the unexpected, careful investigation and preparation is essential. Four Ocean Crossings and 30.000 Miles of boat hitchhiking on dozens of vessels, as well as organizing crew for +10 different trips now, I figured out a few things, and keep learning:).

Here are the latest waypoints to help you on an ocean adventure, fun & impact:

• We’ve created resources and mini-courses on Sailing across the Atlantic, Offshore crew packing lists, Ocean crew preparing tips. Provisioning with minimum waste, Veggie recipes, Zero waste nomad life, and ocean education information. But the real value is the network you can tap into, find answers, connections, and support to make the ocean adventure dreams real.

• Because of that we can create way real value and attract real dedicated members only who are serious about making dreams real. 

NEW in 2024! The Sailboat Travel Crew Prep course.

I help you transition from being new to sailboat travel to a confident crew member securing a position safe, soon and sustainable. All my sailing lifestyle crew tips condensed into one pack. 

Ps. If any of the above has helped you, I’d love to hear so! Make a comment, leave a review on @oceanpreneur or @oceannomads.community, fill out the big Atlantic Ocean Crew survey

On which boat have you crossed or would you be most exciting to cross the Atlantic?

Hi! My name is Suzanne. I'm here to help you go on ocean adventures and make positive impact for a healthier ocean. Explore this website to learn what I do and how you can make some splashes too!

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The best appropriate boat is about 30 to 40 feet long. In case you using a smaller boat, there is a possibility that it may not withstand harsh weather conditions and ocean currents.

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How To Cross the Atlantic, Routes and Timelines

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Before the time of ocean liners and airplanes, crossing the Atlantic used to be a great adventure that took a long time to complete. Nowadays, it’s very different; it’s still a great adventure, but the time it takes to complete has changed.

Here’s how long it takes to cross the Atlantic on various types of boats.

Looking at this table we can clearly see that the time it takes to cross the Atlantic has decreased exponentially. Some big developments were of course the steam engine that allowed for bigger and much faster ships to travel the Atlantic while also bringing a lot more cargo.

If we look at the Sailboats in this list, we can see that the more hulls you have the faster it goes (if you want to know more about how that works, check out this article)

There is not a significant difference in time to complete between the catamarans and the trimarans in the short run, but in a circumnavigation of the world, the difference can be huge.

A monohull on the other hand is slower, this is mainly due to the amount of drag this type of hull has.

This table compares different types of boats under the same conditions and adds an airplane as a point of reference.

Transatlantic Crossing in Record Time

Here are the records for the fastest crossings of the Atlantic in a Sailboat.

The 2880 Nautical miles(5330 Km) long route starts at Ambrose Light in New York and finishes on an imaginary line between Lizard Point and Ushant of the coast of England

As you might have noticed, there aren’t any numbers for catamarans since the  classes are divided between monohulls and multihulls.  Since trimarans (three hulls) are faster than catamarans (two hulls), there is no real point in racing a cat.

What you also may have noticed are the ridiculously high speeds these boats are doing. Bear in mind that these are racing boats optimized for speed and made to smash world records.

There’s a big difference between the 28 knots a racing trimaran will make and the 9 knots a cruising catamaran will.

What Type of Sailboat Do You Need To Cross The Atlantic?

Crossing the Atlantic can be done in almost any sailboat or ship. As a matter of fact, it has already been done in small rowboats and open catamarans, so everything is possible.

If your question is what boat should I use to get a somewhat comfortable and safe trip, well, then we have something to talk about.

Choosing between a monohull or a multihull has more to do with personal preferences. Some people really like the stable platform of a catamaran, and others dont think it’s a real way of sailing and wants to be heeling over to its side to fully get that true sailing experience.

For me? Catamaran every day, speed, and comfort, but I’m also not a purist sailor in any way. I’m an adventurist, and the boat is merely a way to experience adventures.

The size I would say matters, bigger usually means it’s safer and can handle bigger waves, although it might be harder to handle on your own I something happens to you or your crew mid-sea.

Most people seem to cross the Atlantic with a boat in the 35 -45 ft spectrum, which fulfills both requirements!

If you are interested in digging deeper into what sized boat you should get, check out my article on Best Sized Catamaran for Ocean Sailin g

Other aspects you might consider are the  size in terms of space onboard , how many people are you doing the passage with, the more people, the easier operating the boat will be. This assumes you have a well-trained crew that you know well.

And what are you going to do once you get there, is it the end of your trip or is the beginning. If you’re doing everything just to cross the ocean and then get someone else to bring it back, that’s one thing. But if its the start of a long adventure, the requirements are different. You are going to want more space for scuba gear, and other toys.

I do think the most important aspect is that you have a seaworthy boat that it’s capable of withstanding weeks on end with sailing in many times rough conditions.

This means that your equipment spent has to be the most expensive and handy, but it needs to be in good condition, and you need to be able to handle your great in every weather.

What Gear Do You Need to Cross the Atlantic?

Not including your average stuff when sailing, such as life vests, etc. There are some great that you might not be on your everyday say m still that could be of high importance during such a formidable sail as this.

• Emergency food
• Satellite coms
• Storm drogue (want to know what it is and how it works,  read  this)
• Spare parts(tiller, sails, etc.)
• Entertainment

Different Routes to Cross the Atlantic

Westward route: europe to the caribbean.

According to Jimmy Cornell, a well-known sailor and circumnavigator that has made his own research on the subject, Las Palmas is one of the biggest ports of departure for sailboats crossing the Atlantic.

Around 75’% of the sailboats that arrive in Las Palmas on the Canary Islands will depart for an Ocean crossing.

Getting to The Canary Islands, you should not be in a hurry; there are many very beautiful places en route. No matter where you are coming from this is a good stop well worth a visit.

Coming from the north of Europe, you have France, Spain, and Portugal. Entering from the Mediterranean, you have Italy, Croatia, Greece, and so many other interesting places that you shouldn’t miss unless you’re on a very tight schedule.

Once you reach Las Palmas, you can either go straight towards the Caribbean island of Barbados, or you can do a stop along the way at Cap Verde.

Planing a Stop on Cape Verde

A stop at cap Verde makes sense in many ways; for one, it makes the transatlantic trip more manageable by dividing it into two sections.

The second reason is that it gives you the possibility to stock up on fuel and water that you might have used more than you thought. Since Cap Verde is well developed when it comes to receiving boats doing this type of passage, there is no technical expertise on the island.

From Cap Verde, you can also take a direct flight to Portugal and onwards if the need arises.

Even though you might not plan to stop here, the recommendation is to at least  plan your sailing, so you pass close to the islands,  so if something happens, you can head to Mindelo port and fix it.

Another good reason why you would go close is that the further south you go, the  better chance you will have of catching those sweet tradewinds  that will take you safely and enjoyably to the warm waters of the Caribbean.

Westbound Route On a Catamaran

Sailing west is the preferred option for any sailor and especially if you are on a boat that doesn’t sail perfectly upwind, such as a catamaran.

Sailin g west and using the tradewinds is perfect on a catamaran, the sail will be faster and more comfortable than a monohull of the same size.

Looking at the 2019 ARC (Atlantic Rally for Cruisers), a 55ft french catamaran outclassed the 65 ft professionally sailed monohull with a 10-hour lead. All this while doing yoga on board, something that I can promise was not happening on the monohull.

The stable platform of a catamaran with the wind on your stern makes sailing west on a transatlantic passage perfect for Catamaran.

Eastbound Route: The Caribbean to Europe

Coming back to Europe, I would argue that the same principles are still valid: to stop at or pass by islands close enough to have the option of going into port if need, and using the tradewinds to your advantage.

Considering this, most people leave the Caribbean from Tortola, Britsh virgin islands, or St Marteen. These make great starting points for the eastward journey since they are the last point where there is plenty of fuel, spare parts, and food for the long and sometimes arduous trip back to Europe.

Though it is not necessary, many sailors make a halt at Bermuda; this is a good start to fix anything broken or wait for the right weather before your head on to the next part of your trip.

The Azores, the same goes here, you can skip it, but staying close to it adds safety and comfort if needed, and I would also stop by just to enjoy the islands. It’s a beautiful place and good for a few days of low-intensity cruising.

If you still have some energy left after the trip from Bermuda, one option is to head for a place called Horta. The place is well remembered for its hospitality towards sailors heading towards Europe.

Once you have refueled on diesel and energy, it is time to head for northern Europe. This is usually done by sailing north until the 45th latitude and then heading east.

When is The Best Time to Cross The Atlantic

Choosing a route has a lot to do with your intended purpose of the trip, are you going for a speed record, then going more north might be an option, and accepting the risk might be ok for you and your crew.

If you are going west but more interested in doing it safely and are able to spend a little more time out at sea, then the southern routes mentioned above with a departure date around November and December.

Going west on your way to the Caribbean, you’ll notice the days are getting warmer and longer; this is because going west, you also travel south towards the equator where the days and nights are equally as long be it summer or winter.

This weather window is to avoid the hurricane season in the Caribbean that ends in late November, these are the main risk and must be considered in your plan.

What Is The Best Route For an Atlantic Crossing

Taking into consideration the information above with trade winds, the possibility of breakdowns, and the collective knowledge of the area.

The best route for a westbound Atlantic crossing is from Las Palmas (on the Island of Gran Canarias) to Barbados Via Cap Verde. The best route going east is from St Marteen to the Azores Via Bermuda.

This is, of course, based on the assumptions we have discussed above, and it might not apply to your skillset or aim of the crossing.

Can You Cross the Atlantic Single Handed?

You can definitely cross the Atlantic on your own (short-handed). As a matter of fact, many do every year. Of course, this demands more of the sailor since there is nobody to ask for advice or to help while underway.

Neither is there anyone that will help you with handling sails or maintenance while underway; because of this, it is more dangerous and more difficult to solo sailor sail short-handed as it is also called.

The usual way is to either bring a crew of your own, recruit a crew from the port of exit, or find one online via crewseeker.net.

Is Transatlantic Passages Dangerous?

Sailing in big oceans is never a hundred percent safe. This is why it is an adventure if it was absolutely safe, where would the attractiveness and the excitement lie?

Looking at the data, there aren’t many accidents happening, and of those, there are even fewer that are deadly or leave the crew injured for life.

There are also ways to make it safer; we have discussed boat size and crew skills; other route selection factors are vital. It might not be the quickest to cross the Atlantic, but the southern route seems to be a safer bet.

Prepare yourself, your crew, and the boat, and the chances for accidents will still be there, but they will be small and manageable.

How Lonely Is Crossing The Atlantic?

Spending two to three weeks in the middle of the ocean can definitely be lonely, but it can also be the absolute opposite. If you’re sailing with a crew, you will share the same small space with everyone else, always bumping your elbow. If the weather is rough, you may all be a little tired, which also adds to the group dynamics.

But even if you would get sick and tired of your crew, there are ways to call back home. You might have a Satellite phone, which is expensive by the minute but a lovely way to hear the voice of a loved one back at land. Much better than a text message through Email.

Sending emails has been a pretty straightforward process since the SSB radio started to be utilized.  This type of radio is very simplistic and has good reception up to thousands of miles .

The nice thing with this radio is that it allows for data traffic, which means not only are you able to receive weather updates, but you can also contact your family through Email.

Can You Get Rescued If Something Goes Wrong?

Yes, there might not be a coast guard or anything nearby, and you might be way out to sea, but there is help to get. Since every ship is listening to some set of frequencies, usually, the first step is to call for a Mayday on that channel.

If you’re not getting anyone’s attention, then they might still see you on the AIS, Automatic Identification System, which makes anyone around you know where you are.

Many times the crossing is done together with a lot of other vessels; this gives comfort as they might also be able to help in case of emergency.

If all this fails, you probably also will have your EPIRB,  Emergency  Position Indicating Radio  Beacon , which is a gadget that can be activated through certain triggers such as water, tilt angle, or manually activated.

Once activated, it sends an emergency signal at different frequencies and relays the information back to shore for someone to come help you.

Owner of CatamaranFreedom.com. A minimalist that has lived in a caravan in Sweden, 35ft Monohull in the Bahamas, and right now in his self-built Van. He just started the next adventure, to circumnavigate the world on a Catamaran!

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Time Estimation: How Long Does It Take a Sailboat to Cross the Atlantic?

Alex Morgan

Crossing the Atlantic by sailboat is an exhilarating and challenging adventure that requires careful planning and preparation. The time it takes for a sailboat to cross the Atlantic can vary depending on various factors. In this article, we will explore the duration of a sailboat crossing and the factors that can influence it.

Factors Affecting the Duration of a Sailboat Crossing

Several factors come into play when determining the duration of a sailboat crossing the Atlantic:

1. Distance and Route: The distance and chosen route play a significant role in determining the time taken to cross the Atlantic. Different routes have varying lengths and can impact the overall time frame.

2. Type of Sailboat: The type of sailboat being used will affect its speed and performance. Factors such as the boat’s size, design, and ability to handle different conditions can influence the crossing time.

3. Weather Conditions: Weather conditions, including wind strength and direction, can greatly impact the speed of a sailboat. Favorable winds can help sailboats achieve faster crossing times, while adverse weather conditions may slow them down.

4. Skill and Experience of the Crew: The skill and experience of the crew members onboard the sailboat are crucial. Knowledge of navigation, sail handling, and seamanship can contribute to efficient sailing and potentially shorten the crossing time.

Average Time Frame for Crossing the Atlantic

The time it takes to cross the Atlantic can vary depending on the factors mentioned above. There are average time frames for different routes:

1. Traditional Route: The traditional route from Europe to the Caribbean or the United States typically takes between 14 to 21 days.

2. Trade Winds Route: Following the trade winds from the Canary Islands or Cape Verde to the Caribbean generally takes around 21 to 28 days.

3. Northern Route: Sailing through the northern part of the Atlantic, such as from Europe to the East Coast of the United States or Canada, can take between 20 to 40 days.

4. Racing or High-Performance Sailboats: Racing sailboats or high-performance vessels designed for speed can complete the crossing in under 10 days. This is not typical for most leisure sailboats.

Challenges and Considerations during the Atlantic Crossing

There are several challenges and considerations that sailors need to be aware of during their Atlantic crossing:

1. Isolation and Self-Sufficiency: Crossing the Atlantic involves being away from land for an extended period, requiring sailors to be self-sufficient and prepared for any contingencies.

2. Sea Sickness and Physical Well-being: Sailors may experience sea sickness and need to maintain their physical well-being to ensure a safe and comfortable journey.

3. Navigation and Watchkeeping: Proper navigation and watchkeeping are vital during the crossing to ensure the sailboat stays on course and avoids obstacles.

Tips and Strategies to Shorten the Crossing Time

While the duration of the Atlantic crossing depends on various factors, there are tips and strategies that can help shorten the time:

1. Choosing the Right Season: Picking the right season with favorable weather conditions and currents can help optimize the crossing time.

2. Proper Route Planning: Careful route planning, considering factors such as wind patterns and ocean currents, can help sailors take advantage of favorable conditions and achieve faster crossing times.

3. Optimizing Sail Settings: Adjusting and optimizing the sail settings based on wind conditions and boat performance can help maximize speed and efficiency.

4. Utilizing Ocean Currents: Utilizing ocean currents, such as the North Atlantic Current or the Gulf Stream, can provide an additional boost in speed and shorten the overall crossing time.

By understanding the factors influencing the crossing time, being prepared for challenges, and implementing effective strategies, sailors can make the most of their Atlantic crossing experience.

1. Distance and route: The duration of a sailboat crossing the Atlantic depends on the distance and specific route chosen. Factors such as the traditional, trade winds, northern, or racing routes play a role in determining the time frame.

2. Type of sailboat: The type and design of the sailboat can impact the duration of the crossing. High-performance sailboats can complete the journey in under 10 days, while other sailboats may take longer.

3. Weather conditions: Weather conditions, including wind patterns and storms, greatly affect the duration of a sailboat crossing. Calm winds or adverse weather can significantly increase the time taken.

4. Skill and experience of the crew: The expertise and experience of the sailboat crew can contribute to a faster or slower crossing. Knowledge of navigation, watchkeeping, and optimized sail settings can help shorten the duration.

1. Traditional route: The traditional route across the Atlantic takes approximately 14-21 days. This route is widely used by sailors and offers a balanced journey.

2. Trade winds route: Sailboats taking the trade winds route typically complete the crossing in 21-28 days. Following the prevailing winds, this route offers consistent sailing conditions.

3. Northern route: The northern route can take from 20 to 40 days. This route is known for its challenging weather conditions, including strong winds and potential icebergs.

4. Racing or high-performance sailboats: Specially designed racing or high-performance sailboats can complete the crossing in under 10 days. These boats are optimized for speed and maneuverability.

1. Isolation and self-sufficiency: During the Atlantic crossing, sailors face the challenge of isolation and the need to be self-sufficient. Adequate preparation and supplies are essential for a successful journey.

2. Sea sickness and physical well-being: Sailors may experience sea sickness and need to maintain their physical well-being throughout the crossing. Proper rest, nutrition, and medication can help mitigate these challenges.

3. Navigation and watchkeeping: Accurate navigation and careful watchkeeping are crucial during the Atlantic crossing. Continuous monitoring of the sailboat’s position and course adjustments are necessary for a safe and efficient journey.

1. Choosing the right season: Selecting the appropriate season can help shorten the crossing time. Favorable weather conditions, including consistent winds, can expedite the journey.

2. Proper route planning: Thorough route planning, considering factors such as weather forecasts and potential hazards, can contribute to a faster crossing. Avoiding unfavorable conditions and optimizing the route can save time.

3. Optimizing sail settings: Making necessary adjustments to the sail settings based on wind conditions can improve speed and shorten the crossing time. Maximizing the use of favorable winds is crucial.

4. Utilizing ocean currents: Utilizing ocean currents strategically can enhance the sailboat’s speed and reduce the duration of the crossing. Knowledge of currents and using them to sail efficiently is advantageous.

When it comes to crossing the Atlantic on a sailboat, the duration can vary greatly based on several crucial factors. Join me as we explore these factors together, uncovering the secrets that influence the timeframe of this incredible journey. We’ll take a closer look at the distance and route chosen, the type of sailboat being used, the wild and unpredictable weather conditions encountered, and the indispensable skill and experience of the crew. Get ready to set sail and discover what it takes to conquer the vast Atlantic waters!

1. Distance and Route

The duration of a sailboat crossing the Atlantic depends on two main factors: distance and route. Different routes have varying time frames due to factors like prevailing winds and currents. See the table below for approximate time frames:

When planning a sailboat crossing, it is important to carefully consider the distance and route. Longer routes may require more time and provisioning, while shorter routes may involve more challenging weather conditions. The type of sailboat, weather conditions, and the skill and experience of the crew also impact the crossing’s duration.

2. Type of Sailboat

The duration of a sailboat crossing is significantly impacted by the type of sailboat. Different sailboats have varying speeds and capabilities, which can affect the crossing time.

• Size: Larger sailboats are faster and more stable, allowing for quicker crossings.
• Hull design: Sailboats with streamlined hull designs are more aerodynamically efficient, resulting in faster speeds.
• Rigging: Modern sailboats with advanced rigging systems, like roller furling and high-performance sails, can enhance speed and maneuverability.
• Weight: Lighter sailboats are faster, especially in favorable wind conditions.
• Technology: Sailboats equipped with advanced navigation and weather forecasting systems can optimize sailing routes and take advantage of favorable conditions.

It’s important to note that the type of sailboat is only one of many factors that influence the duration of a crossing. Other factors such as weather conditions , crew skill , and chosen route also play significant roles in determining crossing time.

Fact: Racing or high-performance sailboats are designed for speed and can cross the Atlantic in under 10 days, making them the fastest option for a quick crossing.

3. Weather Conditions

The duration of a sailboat crossing the Atlantic is influenced by weather conditions . Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean can be challenging due to the unpredictable weather . The table below outlines the impact of different weather conditions on the crossing time:

Sailors should monitor and plan for the weather conditions they may encounter during the crossing. By understanding how weather conditions can affect their journey, sailors can make informed decisions to optimize their route and maximize sailing efficiency.

One true story exemplifies the significance of weather conditions during an Atlantic crossing. A solo sailor encountered a severe storm, causing significant damage to the sailboat and forcing the sailor to seek refuge on a nearby island. This unexpected delay extended the crossing duration, emphasizing the importance of being prepared for adverse weather conditions when embarking on such a journey.

4. Skill and Experience of the Crew

The crew’s skill and experience are crucial for the success and safety of an Atlantic crossing by sailboat. Here are key considerations:

1. Experience: The crew’s sailing experience is vital for managing different situations during the crossing. Experience helps with handling weather conditions, accurate navigation, and informed decision making.

2. Knowledge: A crew with a strong understanding of navigation, weather patterns, and sailboat maintenance enhances efficiency and safety.

3. Teamwork: Effective teamwork and communication are essential for maintaining harmony on board. The crew must work together to manage tasks, shifts, and ensure everyone’s well-being.

4. Emergency Preparedness: A skilled crew should be trained and knowledgeable in dealing with equipment failure, medical emergencies, and adverse weather.

Pro-tip: Before embarking on an Atlantic crossing, it is recommended to participate in training programs and gain experience through shorter offshore trips. This hands-on experience boosts the crew’s confidence, competence, and readiness for the crossing’s challenges.

Curious about how long it takes for a sailboat to cross the Atlantic? Let’s dive into the average time frames, each with its own unique factors. We’ll explore the traditional route , which typically takes around 14-21 days , the trade winds route ranging from 21-28 days , the northern route with a variable span of 20-40 days , and for racing or high-performance sailboats, a swift journey of under 10 days . Get ready for a thrilling adventure across the vast ocean!

1. Traditional Route: 14-21 Days

The traditional route for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat typically takes 14-21 days . Follow these steps to complete this journey:

• Prepare your sailboat: Ensure it is in good condition with necessary equipment and supplies.
• Check weather conditions: Monitor the forecast and look for stable winds and calm seas.
• Plot your course: Plan your route, considering wind patterns, currents, and potential obstacles.
• Set sail: Depart from your starting point and follow the planned route.
• Monitor progress: Track speed, direction, and distance using navigational tools.
• Maintain watch schedule: Take turns on deck, watching for other vessels and hazards.
• Adjust sails: Optimize sail positioning for speed and efficiency.
• Stay well-rested and nourished: Take breaks to rest, eat, and hydrate for physical well-being.
• Adapt to changing conditions: Make route or sailing adjustments based on current weather conditions.
• Arrive at your destination: After 14-21 days , reach the other side of the Atlantic.

By following these steps and making necessary preparations, you can successfully complete the traditional Atlantic crossing by sailboat in 14-21 days .

2. Trade Winds Route: 21-28 Days

The Trade Winds Route , which takes approximately 21 to 28 days , is a well-known route for sailboats crossing the Atlantic. To provide some key details about this route:

– Route Name: Trade Winds Route

– Duration: 21-28 days

– Distance: Approximately 2800-3200 nautical miles

– Optimal Season: Late fall to early spring

– Starting Point: Canary Islands

– Ending Point: Caribbean islands

The Trade Winds Route makes use of the prevailing trade winds that blow from east to west in the Atlantic. These winds can be harnessed by sailboats to traverse the ocean.

Throughout the journey, sailors may encounter various weather conditions, including storms and calms. The crew’s proficiency and experience play a vital role in successfully navigating and managing the boat.

It is worth mentioning that the duration of a sailboat crossing can vary depending on factors such as the type of sailboat and specific weather conditions.

Historically, the Trade Winds Route was utilized by explorers and traders traveling between Europe and the Americas. The consistent winds offered a dependable mode of transportation across the expansive Atlantic Ocean. Today, sailors and adventurers continue to embark on this route to relish the excitement and challenge of crossing the Atlantic by sail.

3. Northern Route: 20-40 Days

The Northern Route , which takes 20 to 40 days, is an option for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat. When considering this route, there are several factors to keep in mind.

First, the duration of the journey is determined by weather conditions , which can be unpredictable and include storms and rough seas.

Second, skill and experience are essential for navigating this route, as the crew must be able to handle adverse weather conditions and be prepared for long periods at sea.

Third, proper navigation is vital for safety and progress, so the crew needs up-to-date tools to navigate accurately and watch for obstacles.

Finally, isolation and self-sufficiency are significant on this route, as the crew must be able to handle emergencies and have enough provisions, fuel, and water for the crossing.

To shorten the crossing time and increase the chances of success, here are some suggestions to consider.

First, choose the right season, taking into account weather patterns and wind availability.

Second, plan the route to take advantage of favorable currents and wind patterns , and make sure to understand potential hazards and plan suitable waypoints.

Third, optimize sail settings for efficiency and speed, adjusting sails to adapt to changing weather conditions.

Use ocean currents to enhance speed and navigation, understanding the Atlantic currents and incorporating them into route planning to improve the crossing time.

4. Racing or High-Performance Sailboats: Under 10 Days

Racing or high-performance sailboats can complete the Atlantic crossing in under 10 days. These exceptional vessels are specifically designed for speed and performance, utilizing lightweight materials and advanced hull designs. Consistent and strong winds are ideal for achieving faster crossing times. The crew on racing or high-performance sailboats are highly skilled and experienced in maximizing the boat’s potential and making strategic decisions for speed.

To further shorten the crossing time, consider the following tips and strategies:

1. Choose the right season: Time the crossing during seasons with favorable weather conditions for smoother sailing and faster speeds.

2. Proper route planning: Select the most efficient and direct route, taking into account prevailing winds and ocean currents to save time and distance.

3. Optimize sail settings: Adjust the sails for maximum efficiency and utilize advanced sail technology to enhance speed and performance.

4. Utilize ocean currents: Take advantage of favorable ocean currents to boost speed and shorten the overall crossing time.

By considering these factors and employing effective strategies, racing or high-performance sailboats can demonstrate impressive speeds and complete the Atlantic crossing in under 10 days.

Challenges and Considerations During the Atlantic Crossing

Navigating the vast Atlantic Ocean on a sailboat is an endeavor that comes with its own set of challenges and considerations. From the isolation and self-sufficiency required during the journey to the impact of sea sickness on physical well-being, and the crucial role of navigation and watchkeeping, this section offers insights into the various aspects that sailors face during the Atlantic crossing . Get ready to dive into the realities of this remarkable feat and discover the endurance required to conquer the voyage.

1. Isolation and Self-Sufficiency

Isolation and self-sufficiency are vital when it comes to crossing the Atlantic by sailboat. Sailors may experience a sense of isolation due to the vastness of the sea. There are no nearby towns or cities, and interaction with fellow vessels may be limited. To embark on this journey successfully, sailors must mentally prepare themselves for the solitude and embrace the tranquility of the open ocean. Being self-sufficient is crucial. Sailors must ensure they have an ample supply of food , water , and fuel for the voyage. They also need to possess navigation tools, safety equipment, and spare parts for any necessary repairs. It is essential for sailors to develop their navigation, sail handling, and boat maintenance skills to manage any unexpected challenges. To combat isolation, it is helpful to establish a daily routine and set goals. Engaging in activities such as reading, fishing, or appreciating the natural surroundings can enhance the experience of self-sufficiency.

2. Sea Sickness and Physical Well-being

Sea sickness and physical well-being play vital roles when sailing across the Atlantic. It is crucial to consider several factors in order to ensure a comfortable journey:

1. Medication: It is advisable to bring along anti-sea sickness medication such as Dramamine or scopolamine patches . These medications effectively alleviate symptoms and prevent nausea, thus reducing the discomfort caused by sea sickness.

2. Food and hydration: Managing sea sickness can be achieved by consuming small, frequent meals and staying hydrated . To prevent nausea, it is best to avoid greasy, spicy, or heavy foods. Drinking ample amounts of water is important to prevent dehydration, which can exacerbate sea sickness.

3. Motion sickness prevention measures: To combat motion sickness, it is recommended to seek fresh air , keep your gaze fixed on the horizon , and refrain from reading or looking at screens , as these activities can worsen symptoms. Taking breaks and resting as needed can also help manage the effects of motion sickness.

4. Physical fitness: Prioritizing regular exercise before embarking on the journey can greatly improve balance, stability, and overall well-being , consequently reducing the likelihood of experiencing sea sickness. Focusing on core strength and stability exercises can provide additional benefits.

5. Rest and sleep: A well-rested body is better equipped to cope with sea sickness. It is important to ensure sufficient sleep both before and during the journey to maintain physical well-being.

By following these suggestions, you can mitigate the effects of sea sickness and enhance your physical well-being during your sailboat crossing of the Atlantic.

3. Navigation and Watchkeeping

When crossing the Atlantic on a sailboat, navigation and watchkeeping are crucial. Here are some key factors to consider:

1. Navigational equipment: Ensure the sailboat has reliable tools like GPS , marine charts, compass, and radar. These devices help navigate accurately and determine the vessel’s position.

2. Course planning: Carefully plan the route considering factors like wind patterns, currents, and hazards. Chart waypoints, estimated arrival times, and alternative routes in case of weather changes.

3. Maintaining a lookout: Assign crew members to constantly watch for approaching vessels, navigational aids, or obstacles. Vigilance prevents collisions and ensures crew and sailboat safety.

4. Schedule watch rotations: Establish a watch schedule to have someone awake and alert on deck at all times. This prevents fatigue, which impairs judgment and reaction times.

5. Communication: Regularly communicate with other crew members on board and shore-based support teams. This ensures clear coordination and smooth operation during the crossing.

Note that navigation and watchkeeping practices may vary depending on the crew’s experience and requirements. Following these practices ensures a safe and successful sailboat crossing of the Atlantic.

In the famous 1998-1999 Vendée Globe solo yacht race, sailor Pete Goss navigated through treacherous conditions while rescuing a fellow competitor in distress. Goss, risking his own race, made a daring detour to save Raphael Dinelli , demonstrating the importance of navigation skills and watchkeeping even in challenging circumstances.

Embarking on a transatlantic sailboat journey? Discover the secrets to shorten your crossing time with these tips and strategies. From picking the optimal season to mapping out the perfect route , we’ll cover it all. Fine-tuning your sail settings and leveraging ocean currents can make a significant difference. So, join us as we delve into the nautical world and uncover the keys to a swift and efficient Atlantic crossing. Let the adventure begin!

1. Choosing the Right Season

When embarking on a sailboat crossing of the Atlantic, it is crucial to carefully select the appropriate season. Factors such as weather conditions and available winds play a significant role in determining the duration and safety of the journey.

1. Optimal Seasons: The most favorable times for an Atlantic crossing are typically spring and fall. During these seasons, there is a higher probability of encountering favorable winds and calmer seas, which greatly facilitates the voyage.

2. Considerations for Summer: Although summer brings warmer temperatures and longer daylight hours, it also coincides with hurricane season in the Atlantic. Sailors must exercise caution and closely monitor weather forecasts to steer clear of perilous storms.

3. Challenges of Winter: Winter is the least desirable season for an Atlantic crossing. The weather tends to be severe, characterized by stronger winds, rougher seas, and a greater potential for storms. Sailing during winter necessitates extensive experience and meticulous planning.

When determining the optimal season, it is essential to take into account the chosen route for the crossing. Different routes may exhibit distinct weather patterns and wind conditions. Therefore, conducting thorough research and seeking guidance from experienced sailors or weather experts is highly recommended.

2. Proper Route Planning

Proper route planning is crucial for a successful sailboat crossing of the Atlantic. Here are the steps to consider:

1. Study weather patterns: Research prevailing winds, ocean currents, and weather conditions along the route. Understanding these factors helps determine the best direction and timing for the crossing.

2. Choose the right departure point: Select a starting location that allows for a smooth transition into the desired route. Consider factors like proximity to favorable winds and currents, and avoiding areas with heavy traffic or bad weather.

3. Consider stopping points: Identify potential stops along the route for rest, provisions, or repairs if needed. These stops break up the journey and provide added safety measures.

4. Evaluate safety and security: Assess the chosen route’s safety and security, considering factors like piracy concerns, proximity to land, rescue resources availability, and communication capabilities.

5. Consult nautical charts and pilot guides: Use accurate and up-to-date charts and guides to plan the specific course, taking into account hazards, shallow areas, and recommended routes.

6. Adapt to changing conditions: Continuously monitor weather forecasts and adjust the route to avoid severe weather or unfavorable winds and currents.

Proper route planning maximizes efficiency and safety for an Atlantic sailboat crossing, allowing sailors to make informed decisions and optimize their journey.

3. Optimizing Sail Settings

1. Optimizing sail settings: Maximizing speed and efficiency during an Atlantic crossing involves optimizing sail settings .

2. Trimming sails: Achieving the optimal balance between power and control requires properly adjusting sail trim .

3. Checking sail shape: To ensure optimal performance , it is important to regularly inspect sail shape .

4. Reefing sails: Maintaining stability and preventing damage when the wind is too strong can be achieved by reducing the surface area of the sails.

5. Using the right sails: Enhancing performance and reducing strain on the boat can be achieved by selecting appropriate sails based on wind strength and direction.

6. Fine-tuning rigging: Improving sail control and stability involves making small adjustments to the rigging .

7. Utilizing sail controls: Optimizing sail shape and performance can be achieved by understanding and utilizing sail controls such as the cunningham , outhaul , and traveler .

8. Monitoring wind conditions: Making timely adjustments to sail settings requires constantly keeping an eye on changes in wind conditions .

9. Anticipating sail changes: Proactively adjusting to maintain optimal sail settings can be achieved by predicting changes in wind strength or direction.

10. Regular maintenance: Ensuring optimal performance throughout the crossing involves keeping sails clean, repairing any damages, and replacing worn-out parts.

4. Utilizing Ocean Currents

1. Research ocean currents: Gather information about prevailing ocean currents in the Atlantic. Understand their flow and strengths in different areas.

2. Plan your route: Incorporate ocean currents into your route planning. Identify areas with favorable currents and plan your course accordingly.

3. Time your departure: Depart when ocean currents align with your route to maximize benefits. Sailing with favorable currents can save time and increase speed.

4. Adjust sail settings: Make sail adjustments based on the direction and strength of ocean currents. Position sails to harness current power and propel the sailboat forward. By utilizing ocean currents effectively, you can enhance your sailing experience.

5. Monitor and adjust course: Continuously monitor ocean currents and make necessary course adjustments to stay within favorable currents . Avoid areas with adverse currents that may slow progress.

6. Utilize eddies and counter-currents: Take advantage of eddies and counter-currents for short-term speed boosts. Use these strategically to enhance progress while utilizing ocean currents.

7. Stay updated on current conditions: Stay informed about any changes in ocean currents along your route. Have up-to-date information to make informed decisions when it comes to utilizing ocean currents.

8. Work with professional weather routers: Consider working with professional weather routers for detailed information on effectively utilizing ocean currents. They can optimize your route and provide insights based on real-time data, allowing you to make the most of ocean currents.

Some Facts About How Long Does It Take A Sailboat To Cross The Atlantic:

• ✅ An Atlantic crossing on a sailboat takes an average of 20 to 25 days, but can be completed in two weeks with luck, shortcuts, and a fast sailboat.
• ✅ The best time to sail across the Atlantic is between November and February, as the water is warmer and there is less chance of hurricanes.
• ✅ The total distance of the crossing can be up to 4,000 nautical miles and the journey is not a straight line, so it can take up to three weeks or more.
• ✅ The type of boat used and the location can affect the speed of travel. Trade winds play a crucial role in sailing across the Atlantic.
• ✅ Columbus took two months to cross the Atlantic in 1492, but with advancements in sailing, it now takes about three to four weeks.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: how long does it take to sail across the atlantic using the arch approach.

A: Sailing across the Atlantic using the arch approach can take between three and four weeks, depending on the conditions.

Q: What is the best time to sail from the Caribbean to Europe?

A: Late November is the best time to sail from the Caribbean to Europe to avoid the hurricane season and take advantage of the weather window for crossing the Atlantic.

Q: What are the main routes for crossing the Atlantic?

A: There are two main routes for crossing the Atlantic. The southern passage starts from Southern Spain or the Canary Islands and goes to Cape Verde or the Caribbean. The northern passage starts from the Caribbean and goes to Bermuda, then to the Azores, and finally to Portugal.

Q: What are the essential requirements for successfully crossing the Atlantic on a sailboat?

A: To successfully cross the Atlantic on a sailboat, you need a sturdy boat, durable sails, a GPS, an experienced crew, and knowledge of navigation techniques. It is also important to have spare parts, extra fuel, and proper clothing for the journey.

Q: How does the trade wind system affect sailing across the Atlantic?

A: The trade wind system plays a crucial role in sailing across the Atlantic. These predictable winds blow in the same direction and provide a comfortable ride for sailors, helping them navigate the long journey.

Q: Are there any risks or challenges involved in sailing across the Atlantic?

A: Sailing across the Atlantic can be mentally and physically challenging. Sailors may encounter large waves, severe weather conditions, and the potential risk of collisions. With the right skills, experience, and equipment, these challenges can be managed effectively.

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How Long Does it Take to Sail Across the Atlantic? (With Maps)

I'm checking my map here, and I'm just curious: how long does it take to cross the Atlantic? In this article, I'll answer the question for the most common sailing boats and routes.

So there's a short and a long answer. If you want the short answer, here it is:

How long does it take to sail across the Atlantic? The Atlantic takes about 3-4 weeks to cross. If you're fast, take shortcuts, and get lucky, it can be done in about 2 weeks. If you're out of luck and are without wind for a week or more, or use a slow ship, it can easily take up to one month.

It really depends on how you plan to travel, what type of ship you're sailing, its size, and -of course- your skills and speed. So there you have it. It takes three weeks. But why ? If you're in the least like me, you're not at all satisfied with this answer. You'd want the long and detailed answer. If so, read on.

How Long Does it Take to Sail Across the Pacific?

On this page:

Why does it take three weeks, how to cross the atlantic, how hard is it to sail across the atlantic, what are trade winds and how do they work, related questions.

Of course, there are multiple possible routes. For sailing, however, it is advised to make use of the tradewinds (read on for details). The easiest route from East to West follows Portugal - The Canary Island - Cape Verde - Windward Islands. The total distance of this journey on a map is about 6,800km.

A boat rarely sails in a straight line. It most likely will cover more distance due to a curved or S-shaped journey. A good rule of thumb is to add 15-20% on top of the theoretical distance. In real life, you'll travel about 8,000km. This comes down to about 20 days of sailing in good weather .

Please note that sailers prefer to speak of distance (nautical miles), rather than time. You never know what the weather brings. A Nautical Mile is exactly 1.1508mi or 1,852m.

Want to know how far a sailboat can sail in a day ? Check out my other article on the average sailing distance in different conditions (new tab).

Well, I don't suggest you go and cross the Atlantic after reading this article. Sailing open seas is for experienced skippers. I'm including this part to give you a detailed idea of how to do it, and what the journey consists of.

There are two main routes , from east to west and from west to east.

• The Southern passage (which is east to west)
• The Northern passage (which is west to east)

You'll see that both of these routes seem like enormous detours (which they are), but they are the most forgiving sailing route and have worked for over centuries. The routes are dictated by the trade winds. I'll explain them further on.

The Southern passage (east to west)

You first need to reach the port of departure. If you travel from Europe to the Americas, you want to sail South-East. Your port of departure will most likely be the Canary Islands, offshore from Western Sahara. Then you will set sail to Cape Verde, offshore from Dakar. Or you'll sail directly to the Windward Island in the Carribean.

The distances of this route are:

• Portugal to the Canary Islands - 750NM (5-7 days)
• Canary Islands to Cape Verde - 850NM (5-8 days)
• Canary Islands to Windward Islands - 2700NM (16-21 days)

This brings your total travel distance around 4000NM and travel time between three and four weeks.

Quickly learn how to use a boat compass with my short beginner's guide here (new tab)

The Northern passage (west to east)

First, you need to reach Bermuda, serving as your port of departure, since it has the best westward winds. Mostly you'd be sailing from somewhere in the Carribean to Bermuda. Then you will set sail to the Portuguese Azores, and from there you'll set sail to the Portuguese coast, and then your final destination.

• Carribean to Bermuda - 850NM (5-8 days)
• Bermuda to Azores - 1900NM (14-17 days)
• Azores to Portugal - 700NM (4-8 days)
• An additional 3-10 days to reach your destination

Your total sailing time will again be between three and four weeks, though this journey will take a bit longer that the westward journey.

Avoiding the hurricane season

Timing also plays an important role in the planning of your journey. Your main concern is to avoid the hurricane season, which lasts from June to November. Most boats leave in November, arriving just in time for Christmas. But the trading winds are stronger in January, making for a faster crossing.

Want to see a handy map with the best sailing season across the globe? Check out my article on sailing seasons here (opens in new tab).

Some info on the Atlantic Ocean

The crossing of the Atlantic is quite a journey. It's the seconds largest ocean in the world, after the Pacific. It covers about 41 million square miles, which is 20% of the Earth's surface. Conclusion: it's big, and you want to be smart about it.

In short: it's as hard you allow it to be.

Sailing across an ocean can seem pretty daunting. I haven't done the crossing myself (yet), but from what I understand, it's actually pretty dull. Bluewater sailing is mostly long stretches of blue, in light airs, cruising at 5 knots. So, in general, it's not super hard.

However, it can get pretty lonely at times. Being alone for 20+ days, with nothing but water and air, can take a toll on you mentally. Most sailors agree that this is the most difficult part of crossing the Atlantic.

It does take some nerve to cross an ocean. Open sea can get quite rough, and when it does, the waves are higher and the winds blow harder than anything you're used to inland.

You should be prepared for these kinds of changes. The most important thing is that you're able to quickly take down a reef. So you should have a simple rig, that allows you to adjust to sudden changes in weather.

If you don't have the experience necessary to deal with heavy weather, you could make (fatal) mistakes. You need to have the confidence that you are in control of your sailboat.

If you want to get into sailing, I recommend you read my article 9 Ways to Learn to Sail for (Practically) Free here .

Also, make sure to bring enough fuel.

How much fuel should you actually carry? It's easy to calculate . Find out how in my article on fuel usage here (opens in new tab).

But what about storms? - A solid boat with a good, capable crew can deal with almost any kind of weather.

I think that if you have the knowledge, experience, and proper gear, it's not difficult. However, if you're unprepared, inexperienced, and unsure about your own capabilities, the great blue could get the better of you.

Luckily our ancestors from the sixteenth century and up were plenty smart. They found the Atlantic had very reliable 'wind roads', which they could use to relatively safely sail to the Americas. These are called trade winds , and they're so useful precisely because they're very predictable. Each new season we can be sure the trade winds bring us to the land of the free. And so they have been used by merchants for many centuries.

In the North Atlantic, only the east-to-west blowing winds are trade winds.

The reason they are called trade winds isn't at all obvious

You might think that, since we've used them for trading so much, so we'd call them after the trade. But it's actually the other way around. The word derives from the Late Middle English trade , which means path or track. The winds were first called trade winds, and then we've named our commerce after them . In the eighteenth century, the word trade comes to mean 'commerce'.

So how do these trade winds work?

In the dead center of the Atlantic basin, there's a large area of high atmospheric pressure. We know it as the Azores High, and it stretches all the way to Bermuda. Hot air rises in tropical regions below, after which it cools at higher altitudes, and comes down near the poles. This indefinite transaction creates wind.

Because of that, there's a dead zone in the center of the Atlantic, where there's or no wind at all, or hurricanes. The reason the winds are so predictable, and nearly always blow in the same direction, is due to the rotation of the earth (this is called the Coriolis effect). The current also moves in this direction, creating a comfortable ride.

If we line up our routes with our trade winds, you'll notice they line up perfectly.

You can learn more about the prevailing winds and their origins in this excellent article at Yachting.com.

My Favorite Beginner Cruising Gear

For passages like these, you need sound navigation gear. It doesn't have to be expensive. Here are my top 3 items:

• Chartplotter: Garmin echoMAP CHIRP 74cv (check current price at Amazon )
• Compass: Ritchie Navigation Explorer (check current price on Amazon )
• Backup GPS: Garmin Strike 4 (check current price on Amazon )

For more details on each one, head over to my recommended gear section .

How long did the Atlantic crossing use to take? In 1492 it took Columbus two months to cross the Atlantic. In the 18th and 19th century, it still took on average six weeks. If weather conditions were bad, it could take up to three months.

So why are we faster now? The wind hasn't increased (or maybe it did, how can I possibly know?).

Why does crossing the Atlantic take less time nowadays? It's mostly due to improved sailing technologies; the shape of the hull, the overall efficiency of boats, and, of course, improved navigation techniques. And sailing boats nowadays use an engine to keep going once the wind lays down. Which, you can imagine, will make quite the difference.

I really enjoyed reading this article and learned a few things. Maybe one day I will embark on such a journey. :)

Great Easy text! Thank you so much! I am thinking and reading about this journey a long time.. I might do it.. nice article!!

James Hospedales

Enjoyed your article, which I read because I need to cross the Atlantic but don’t want to pay the carbon cost to the planet. The future of sustainable tourism and travel will have to return to using these ancient “tracks”. This will be among the messages of EarthMedic.

Roy cumming

Good information and written so a novice can understand it.

I have never sailed in my life but I am planing to learn and go from Florda to Batumi, 🇬🇪 Georgia. Great article btw!

John Bowman

Great article really put in terms a beginner sailor can understand, especially the Trade winds. You have a great site and I enjoy reading everything

Cool Breeze

Thanks for sharing. My Pake and I enjoyed sailing and spent never enough time on the water. My family is originally from Marrum and Holwerd. I look forward to one day sailing across the Atlantic.

I really like your blog posts and wondered if there is any chance to get in touch either via e-mail or https://yachting.com/en-gb/ to cover/share some of the content and cooperate?

Many thanks for considering my request. :)

Martin Richardson

I’m a healthy/fit retired person that has dreamed of taking on a challenge of a trans Atlantic sail East to West. What a great tale it would be to buy a sailboat in France and sail it back to the States. My sailing experience has been mostly in the BVI’s.

My question is: Since I don’t possess the necessary skills, how would one go about hiring a experienced skipper to make the trip with me.

Michael Hearns

Thanks so much, very informative, I will be reading again…

Great article.

Very enjoyable read! I would like to cross myself but my other half wants to go the other way!

“The most important thing is that you’re able to quickly take down a reef.” Usually we say, “to reef” or “put in a reef”. This made it sound like you’re actually taking OUT a reef. Or shaking out a reef. Which is what you do when the wind lightens a bit. :)

Wooo! [email protected] this massage keep it up.

it is so inspirational

Hugh Tetley

There is some good information in your article, but also some heavy errors. I have done multiple Atlantic crossings since the 1950’s. The worst error is that you don’t have you own crossing experience, which means you are only relaying second hand information. Reliance on electronics is only for fools. You mention GPS and back up GPS. The only back up is charts and a compass .. if you keep sailing west, then eventually you are going to reach land. I sail with a fifty year old Shipman 28 and all I ever use are charts and compass. Not even a sextant .. and I’m still alive. It is essential to have knowledge, tools and materials to do repairs. Ocean crossings create a lot of wear and tear, particularly with sails. Now, there are far too many spoilt idiots in supermarket level boats, especially catamarans of dubious quality and suitability who give up (and cry about it on social media) or need to be rescued.

Romin de Globein

I totally agree with Hugh Telley. All second hand info and assumptions from a writer with no experience. Too much pretty this and pretty that. Living in Nederland i’ve never seen the “great lakes” of Friesland.

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NEWS... BUT NOT AS YOU KNOW IT

‘Ghost ship’ washes ashore after surviving hurricane

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An abandoned vessel dubbed a ghost ship for its eerie appearance washed ashore weeks after surviving a hurricane .

Pensacola Beach residents were shocked to see a 45-foot sailboat with ripped sails become beached in Florida ’s Panhandle on the evening of June 18.

‘We called it the “ghost ship.” It quickly became known as the “ghost ship” across Pensacola beach,’ meteorologist and storm chaser Allie Garrett told NBC News .

Francine Farrar of Meridian, Mississippi, said the vessel ‘looked ghostly, just kind of coming in’.

‘We just thought this sailboat broke loose from the marina, that someone didn’t tie it down well enough,’ said Farrar.

Social media posts of the ‘ghost ship’ eventually reached Michael Barlow, 39, who identified it as The Lady Catherine III, which he bought in Fort Pierce in May for $80,000.

Barlow had set sail on The Catherine on May 21, heading to Rockport, Texas, to dock it and carry out plans to ‘explore the world’ with his wife and their nine-year-old son.

He and a friend were in the ocean when they encountered dangerous waves caused by what became Hurricane Alberto , the first tropical storm of the Atlantic hurricane season.

‘We lost the autopilot the first day forcing us to hand steering for the next two days. We then lost our headsail from a wild wind shift followed shortly by the engine,’ wrote Barlow on a GoFundMe page for his sailboat recovery effort.

‘This effectively left us with zero control of the vessel, for fear of broaching, absolutely defeated, feeling like I had literally been smacked by the hand of God, and nearing hypothermia and fearful for our lives we radioed the Coast guard.’

The US Coast Guard in New Orleans on June 1 responded to a vessel that was ‘disabled’ about 190 miles south of Panama City, and spotted The Catherine with Barlow and his friend on board.

Learning that a boat-to-boat rescue was impossible due to the choppy waters, Barlow decided to abandon the ship.

‘Helicopter aircrew hoisted the two persons aboard and transported them to Panama City Airport in Panama City, Florida,’ stated the Coast Guard.

Barlow said he and his friend tried to leave The Catherine in a condition to survive the storm.

‘We lashed everything down and we hoped she could ride it out,’ he said.

Tropical Storm Alberto brought heavy rainfall and flood threats to parts of the Texas coast and moved inland to northeast Mexico and left at least four people dead.

When The Catherine turned up on the beach almost 20 days later, Barlow said, ‘I knew it was her.’

Barlow must pay $20,000 to move his boat to a dry dock and repairs could cost tens of thousands of dollars. He hopes to salvage her instead of paying $28,000 to have her hauled away and destroyed.

The GoFundMe page had raised Barlow’s $10,000 goal as of Tuesday afternoon.

Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at [email protected] .

For more stories like this, check our news page .

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