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Motor Yacht

Blue East is a custom motor yacht launched in 2004 by Baglietto in La Spezia, Italy.

The Baglietto brand is symbolic of bespoke Italian leadership, style, and over 160 years of heritage.

Blue East measures 42.00 metres in length, with a max draft of 4.45 metres and a beam of 8.60 metres. She has a gross tonnage of 399 tonnes. She has a deck material of teak.

Blue East has a steel hull with an aluminium superstructure.

Her interior design is by Studio Smania.

Blue East also features naval architecture by Baglietto .

Performance and Capabilities

Blue East has a top speed of 16.00 knots and a cruising speed of 15.00 knots. She is powered by a twin screw propulsion system.

Blue East has a fuel capacity of 75,000 litres, and a water capacity of 18,000 litres.

She also has a range of 4,500 nautical miles.

Accommodation

Blue East accommodates up to 10 guests in 5 cabins. She also houses room for up to 8 crew members.

Other Specifications

Blue East is MCA compliant. She has a blue hull, whose NB is 10186.

Blue East is an ABS class yacht. She flies the flag of Italian.

• Yacht Builder Baglietto View profile
• Naval Architect Baglietto View profile
• Exterior Designer Francesco Paszkowski No profile available
• Interior Designer Studio Smania No profile available

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• Superyachts

BLUE Yacht – Extraordinary $160 M Superyacht

In 2022, Lürssen shipyard unveiled the breathtaking superyacht Blue, a truly remarkable vessel that represents the pinnacle of luxury, engineering, and environmental responsibility.

Designed by the highly acclaimed Terence Disdale, Blue has earned its place among the world’s largest yachts with a staggering volume of 15,320 tons.

Although slightly smaller than the illustrious Dilbar, Blue exudes an unparalleled level of sophistication and elegance.

Blue was officially delivered to its owner in June 2022, following a highly anticipated launch earlier in the year.

This magnificent superyacht is a testament to Terence Disdale’s extraordinary talents, as he was responsible for both the yacht’s striking exterior and its sumptuous interior design.

While official data on Blue’s specifications remains scarce, industry insiders estimate that the luxurious yacht can comfortably accommodate a minimum of 48 guests across 24 lavish staterooms.

Additionally, the impressive megayacht is designed to house a dedicated crew and staff of 80 members within 40 well-appointed cabins, ensuring an exceptional level of personalized service for everyone onboard.

Blue’s powerful MTU engines propel this incredible motor yacht, enabling it to reach top speeds of over 20 knots. For those who prefer a more leisurely journey, the yacht’s estimated cruising speed is a comfortable 16 knots.

The collaboration between Lürssen and Terence Disdale has redefined the standards of luxury yachting, as Blue’s innovative design and features have captured the imagination of yachting enthusiasts around the world.

With an estimated value of $600 million and annual operating costs of around $60 million, Blue is a testament to the investment in unparalleled luxury, cutting-edge technology, and sustainability. The price of a yacht can vary greatly depending on factors such as size, age, level of luxury, and the cost of materials and technology used in its construction.

Lürssen Yachts, a luxury yacht builder based in Bremen, Germany, has been crafting custom-made motor yachts since its founding in 1875. Ranging in size from 50 to 180 meters, Lürssen yachts are renowned for their exceptional craftsmanship, meticulous attention to detail, and use of advanced technology.

The company has a distinguished reputation for constructing some of the world’s largest and most complex yachts, collaborating with top yacht designers and naval architects to create innovative and unique yacht designs. Azzam, Dilbar, NORD, and Scheherazade are among their most notable projects.

Terence Disdale Design, a luxury design and architecture firm headquartered in London, UK, specializes in high-end residential, commercial, and hospitality projects. Established by Terence Disdale in 1973, the firm has gained a reputation for creating elegant, timeless interiors and exteriors for luxury properties and yachts worldwide.

They are known for designing unique and bespoke spaces that reflect their clients’ personalities. Over the years, they have worked with numerous high-profile clients and have received countless awards for their work. Some of their most renowned projects include the Blohm & Voss Eclipse, Lürssen’s BLUE, Lürssen’s Pelorus, and the Oceanco Dreamboat.

Formerly known as Project Blue, the 160-meter superyacht Blue was launched in February 2022 and is now the fifth-largest yacht globally in terms of length overall (LOA). Terence Disdale masterfully designed both the interior and exterior of the 15,320 GT superyacht, taking full advantage of the vessel’s 22.5-meter beam and generous deck spaces.

In a statement from the shipyard, it was revealed that a heightened focus on environmental sustainability played a crucial role in Blue’s construction.

The superyacht is among the largest vessels in the world to be equipped with a diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system, featuring PTI/PTO units that can be utilized for electric propulsion at lower speeds or for generating electricity to power the vessel at higher speeds.

This innovative technology not only showcases the advancements in marine engineering but also significantly reduces Blue’s environmental impact.

Blue’s commitment to sustainability goes beyond its state-of-the-art propulsion system. The vessel is equipped with an innovative after-treatment system and an advanced wastewater treatment plan utilizing new membrane technology. This system allows the treated wastewater to be safely discharged in “drinking water quality,” according to the shipyard.

Lürssen managing partner Peter Lürssen praised the exceptional team behind Blue, stating, “We are very proud of Blue as yet another statement of Lürssen’s ability and desire to build yachts that meet all of our exacting owners’ requirements, guided by our core focus of expert engineering, beautiful design, and being a proud market leader in developing sustainable technologies.”

The features onboard Blue are nothing short of spectacular, including two helicopter landing sites – a large helideck at the bow and a smaller helipad aft – providing convenient transportation options for guests.

Each of the four upper decks offers expansive al fresco entertaining areas, and there is a swimming platform connected to a beach club. Additionally, forward stateroom balconies on either side enhance the onboard experience.

As Blue embarks on its maiden voyage to Malta, the superyacht is poised to make a significant impact on the yachting industry, inspiring future projects to incorporate sustainable technologies and environmentally-conscious design elements. The legacy of Blue will undoubtedly shape the future of luxury yachting, setting a new standard for innovation, elegance, and eco-friendly practices.

BLUE Yacht Summary

In summary, the 160-meter superyacht Blue represents a remarkable achievement in luxury yachting, blending unparalleled opulence with a steadfast commitment to sustainability.

With Terence Disdale’s expert design and Lürssen’s exceptional craftsmanship, the vessel has become a shining example of innovation and environmental responsibility in the world of luxury yachts.

As Blue takes to the seas, it serves as a testament to the extraordinary collaboration between Lürssen and Terence Disdale, proving that it is possible to create a truly luxurious yachting experience while minimizing its ecological footprint.

With its breathtaking design, state-of-the-art technology, and emphasis on sustainability, the superyacht Blue has undoubtedly set a new benchmark for the luxury yachting industry and inspired a greener future for marine transportation.

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Blue East - BAGLIETTO

Specifications

• All Specifications

Basic Information

Builder: BAGLIETTO Category: Motor Yacht Sub Category: Motor Yacht Model Year: 2004 Year Built: 2004 Country: Italy

LOA: 137' 10" (42mm) Beam: 26.24

Speed, Capacities and Weight

Cruise Speed: 15 Knots Kts. (17 MPH) Max Speed: 18 Knots Kts. (21 MPH) Water Capacity: 18000 Gallons Fuel Capacity: 19813 Gallons

Accommodations

Sleeps: 10 Crew Cabin: 8

Hull and Deck Information

Hull Material: Steel Hull Color: Blue

Engine Information

Engines: 1 Manufacturer: Caterpillar Engine Type: Inboard Fuel Type: Diesel

Total refit in 2011.   Blue East Baglietto, the best yacht in the market, well-known Half Custom, full displacement 42/43 meters.  Wonderful interior design and full tecnological comfort with stabilizer and elevator inside that allows access to each level of the yacht. Viewing highly recommended.

Yacht name «Blue East» – BAGLIETTO is for sale and located in N/A, ITALY.

Motor Yacht  «Blue East» built by manufacturer BAGLIETTO in 2004 — available for sale. Yacht location: ITALY. If you are looking to buy a yacht «Blue East» or need additional information on the purchase price of this BAGLIETTO, please call: +1-954-274-4435 (USA)

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55m superyacht IRIS BLUE is delivered to her owners – the first deliver of 2024 for Heesen

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Written by Rachel Kelly

Fresh from her successful sea trials in the North Sea, 55m (180’5”) luxury yacht IRIS BLUE  from Heesen has now been delivered to her new owners. Her exterior was designed by Omega Architects with interiors by Luca Dini Design & Architecture .

Superyacht Iris Blue – Ruben Griffioen

The trials lasted for three days, and she met all the required specifications in challenging conditions with waves of up to 1.7m and winds gusting up to 28 knots. She proved highly responsive, instilling great confidence in her manoeuvrability and robustness.

Luxury deck features on board IRIS BLUE

Frank Laupman of Omega Architects, the designer of the original series, carried out the restyle for this hull and had this to say. “As much as we love our original design with the vertical windows, we felt it was time to make an evolutionary step,” says Frank. “We opted for a larger expanse of floor-to-ceiling glass, without mullions in the main saloon. Then, we took the opportunity to give a slightly more aggressive look to the profile by using continuous sheets of tinted glass. The horizontal lines stretch the optical length and balance the air draft. The result is beautiful: we retained the family look and feel but gave it an elegant touch.”

Motor yacht IRIS BLUE

The updated layout now offers a 78sqm owner’s stateroom with private terrace on the starboard side, a larger sundeck with a bar and spa plus a wide central atrium with main staircase and crew companionway.

Niels Vaessen, Heesen CEO, comments: “We have worked with Omega and Luca Dini on creating a yacht that meets the refined tastes of clients who appreciate Dutch quality with a shortened delivery time. IRIS BLUE is a wonderful addition to our fleet, and we wish the Owners and her crew many days of happy sailing”.

We echo the sentiment and wish her owner’s well on their travels.

Please contact CharterWorld - the luxury yacht charter specialist - for more on superyacht news item "55m superyacht IRIS BLUE is delivered to her owners – the first deliver of 2024 for Heesen".

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Bleu de Nîmes: The 72m navy ship that became a superyacht

Related articles, superyacht directory.

Not only has the owner of Bleu de Nîmes taken on two rebuilds but he also set up his own yard to complete the work on both occasions. He tells BOAT about his yacht’s metamorphoses from naval ship to rugged explorer to charter champion.

“I wanted a ship, not just another yacht that looks like any other,” says the owner of the twice-rebuilt Bleu de Nîmes when asked why he chose her. Many an owner will embark on a refit for the sake of a project, enjoying the boat for a while after its launch, before looking for a new endeavour to sink their teeth into. For this owner, Bleu de Nîmes hasn’t merely been a momentary passion project, but a 20-year love affair encompassing two major rebuilds, each with its own set of challenges. The most recent rebuild finished last year and took her into another stratosphere as a superstar charter yacht capable of offering opulence in the most far-flung locations.

Bleu de Nîmes’ owner is a lifelong boater. He recalls receiving his first boat when he was five years old – a small mahogany dinghy built by Baglietto that was a Christmas gift from his father. By 13, he took a four-metre Zodiac with a 20-horsepower engine from Portofino to Sardinia. He credits this first trip with giving him the travel bug and these days he spends most of his time cruising remote areas of the Indian and Pacific oceans.

Before Bleu de Nîmes , he had his fair share of motor yachts, including a 35-metre, 50-metre and 60-metre Codecasa . But he was ready for a ship capable of world adventure, and in 1999 he enlisted the help of broker Peter Insull to find it. He didn’t just want his new yacht to look like a ship; he wanted her to be capable of travelling to remote destinations with a huge amount of autonomy. “I wanted to be able to navigate in any conditions no matter the weather,” he says. The owner admired the conversion of Arctic P and looked at a few tugs, but his attention was eventually drawn to a 55-metre retired British Royal Navy degaussing ship formerly known as Lodestone , which was up for auction.

With most refits, you will hear horror stories of rusted steel and hidden hull damage only revealed after work begins. Bleu de Nîmes is the exception – her steel hull and superstructure were in fantastic condition. The owner credits this to the British Navy choosing the best-quality steel and keeping the vessel well-maintained over the years. “The hull didn’t even have one millimetre of corrosion,” he says. “I only kept the hull and a bit of the superstructure – everything else I changed.” At the outset of converting Lodestone into Bleu de Nîmes , the bones of a solid vessel were there, but there was absolutely nothing yacht-like or liveable about her. The main deck had a gaping hole through the superstructure, which itself was minimal without any exterior decks. In this sense, the project started from scratch, with the owner and his design team reimagining what was possible to carry on such a sturdy hull.

The owner sought a shipyard capable of taking on a major yacht conversion and rebuild, and he considered yards in the UK, Poland and Italy before winding up in Turkey, tempted by quality results at a lower cost. However, the chosen Turkish yard couldn’t guarantee elements of the job, so the owner decided to do it himself. He found a bit of land to haul out the yacht and hired his own team, which included yacht designer and consultant Peter Birkett and naval architect Halit Ertürk. To say the owner was hands-on would be an understatement – he travelled to Turkey a whopping 94 times over a four-year period until the conversion was completed in 2005, and he had a hand in every aspect of the design. “I even decided on the toilet paper that would be used on board,” he says with pride.

The conversion saw the bow raised and windows enlarged. The shape of the superstructure was maintained in the front, and at the back aft decks were built off each level. The owner has a large family and enjoys inviting friends on board, so the goal was to have as much space as possible, with the ability to accommodate at least 20 guests and 20 crew. The first rebuild gave the yacht nine staterooms – three triples and six double cabins. The owner’s cabin was found amidships on the lower deck, the most comfortable place for sleeping during overnight journeys. The interior design was by Pier Vittorio Cerruti , who has designed many of the owner’s homes. The owner requested a colonial motif with lots of rich American cherry wood, loose furnishings and antiques, including valuable Chinese vases. “I wanted her to be different from all the yachts I had previously,” he explains, referencing the more modern Italian styling of his Codecasas.

Completed in 2005, Bleu de Nîmes was used privately by its owner for 10 years, travelling to remote areas of Papua New Guinea, Greenland and the Aldabra chain off the Seychelles. She was perfectly adapted for these environments but, apart from a state-of-the-art dive set-up, the yacht lacked many of the traditional superyacht amenities. The owner had no interest in spa pools or swimming pools – “If I want to go for a swim, I’ll go in the sea” – and he didn’t see the sense of a cinema, as there were televisions and DVD players in each cabin. Even the steep, vertical staircases found on board were more ship than superyacht. But in 2016 he took the decision for Bleu de Nîmes to undergo another conversion to transform his ship into a stylish charter yacht.

The ambitious rebuild saw the yacht extended by 16 metres in total, with length added in the amidships and at the stern. This brought her new LOA to 72.25 metres and increased her volume by nearly 600GT. Unfortunately, much like the first rebuild, the chosen yard – this time in Italy – was a non-starter. The yard went bankrupt, and it fell on the owner to once again step in, take over existing contracts and set up a build team.

Bleu de Nîmes stayed at the yard’s defunct property near Genoa and subcontractors were overseen by the yacht’s captain, Mascia Poma, and 10 crew members. “She has been with me since the beginning,” the owner says of his captain. It’s obvious he’s proud to have a female skipper at the helm. “In principle, when women do what is normally a man’s job, they do it with more passion and attention to detail.” Mario Nattero was hired for the naval architecture, while Cerruti came back to design the interiors. New areas on board keep in line with the previous styling, with plentiful American cherry joinery and iroko wood floors complemented by black-veined marble.

If the original conversion created a yacht-like ship, then the second rebuild birthed a true explorer superyacht. It’s apparent not just in the enviable list of amenities that were added, but in her looks as well – the extensions took her previous squat superstructure and made a longer, more elegant profile. She also got a full mechanical rebuild, which included overhauling all the pumps, generators and sewage systems and upgrading the insulation and communication systems, to name a few items on her extensive checklist. Per the owner’s request, the rebuild also brought her to Passenger Yacht Code (PYC), enabling her to legally charter with 28 guests, 23 crew and four staff.

Room for the additional accommodation and charter-friendly amenities was achieved by the extension. Bleu de Nîmes was cut in half and lengthened by 11.7 metres amidships, while a new stern block is 4.5 metres longer than the original transom. “The extensive hull modifications have resulted in a complex re-engineering of all aspects of the yacht, inclusive of specific custom design assessments (several FE and CFD calculations have been performed) and stability, plants and systems calculations,” says naval architect Mario Nattero. “Not to mention that the request to gain Passenger Notation implicated further engineering and design complexity.” Among the many requirements to meet PYC was the installation of 39 fire doors, four watertight doors and 16 watertight hatches.

The amidships extension made way for a lift, rising six decks from lower to sundeck, and a grand staircase, so there’s no more scurrying up steep stairways. The main deck now has a larger saloon, as well as two cosy lounges forward to port and starboard. Previously, accommodations were found on the lower deck, but the rebuild has seen the addition of two VIP suites on the main deck. The upper deck has become a grand space for entertaining, with two indoor and two outdoor dining tables seating 36 guests, complemented by a secondary galley on this deck for ease of service. Clear away the loose furnishings on the aft upper deck and there’s a touch-and-go helipad. This deck also hosts the owner’s suite with its dual bathrooms, walk-in closet, study and lounge. The owner is using his new suite for now – but for overnight crossings he plans to be back down on the lower deck, which now has 10 cabins. There is also a new lower deck garage, stowing two of the four tenders on board, while the two others are on the forward deck.

The stern extension made space for a beach club, which Nattero says creates “a smooth transition between internal guest areas and the swimming platform, which enhances the onboard experience while not distorting the original ‘expedition’ nature of the yacht.” And indeed, she is still an expedition yacht with a range of 20,000 nautical miles at 12 knots. As far as autonomy is concerned, there are three walk-in cold storerooms set at different temperatures. “If I want to, I can stay at sea for a year feeding 40 people,” says the owner. Another major update of the rebuild that will be appreciated during voyages is the redesigned hull. “Integration of a new bulb, keel and the aft swimming platform have improved hull stability, course-keeping and efficiency,” says Nattero.

Bleu de Nîmes is now capable of world roaming at an even higher standard. Other charter amenities include a large gym and wellness area on the bridge deck and two spa pools on the sundeck, but the owner still prefers a dip in the sea. That doesn’t mean he’s not enjoying the new Bleu de Nîmes . “She has improved in many ways – she is now sleeker, safer and more comfortable,” he says. “She’s so stable now, it doesn’t feel like she’s even moving.”

Between the yard bankruptcy at the beginning of the rebuild and Covid-19 hitting at the end, the project stretched from a timeline of 18 months to four years, with the yacht relaunching in 2020. That summer, she cruised in the owner’s old stomping grounds of Sardinia before heading down to the Maldives. She was back in the Mediterranean by summer 2021 and has already proved a popular charter yacht, netting nine weeks this year alone.

Bleu de Nîmes is currently for sale (asking €47,000,000 with Edmiston ), as the owner wants a smaller yacht in the 30- to 50-metre range. He is looking at the brokerage market this time, rather than delving into another refit. But the owner is clear that he only intends to sell his current love for the right price. Otherwise, he would happily use her for years to come. “Who knows,” he muses, “you might be interviewing me in another 20 years when I’ve fixed her up again.”

This feature was first published in the November 2021 edition of BOAT International.

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literature review on impact of social media on youth pdf

Social media and youth mental health.

• Published: 16 December 2023
• Volume 26 , pages 1–8, ( 2024 )

Cite this article

• Paul E. Weigle 1 , 2 , 3 &
• Reem M. A. Shafi 4 , 5  

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Purpose of Review

We review recent evidence regarding the relationship between the social media (SM) habits, experiences, and the mental health of youth. We examine effects of social media use (SMU) on specific diagnoses including depression and anxiety. The relationship between psychiatric illness, specific SM experiences, and the issue of SM mental health contagion is also explored.

Recent Findings

Youth engagement in SMU has increased dramatically in recent years, concurrent with increases in prevalence of depression and anxiety. The relationship between SMU and mental illness is complex and depends on characteristics of the user (e.g., social comparison and fear of missing out (FOMO) and their SM habits and experiences (e.g., cyberbullying, and sexting,). SM engagement has distinct impacts on anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Growing evidence documents how SM may be a medium for psychiatric contagion. Research findings are largely correlational and dependent on subjective report, limiting their interpretation.

The mental health of youth is increasingly tied to their SMU, depending greatly on how youth engage with SM and resultant feedback. Future research must look to establish causality in relationships between SM and mental illness.

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Social Media Use and Mental Health among Young Adults

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Psychosocial risks and benefits of exposure to heavy metal music with aggressive themes: Current theory and evidence

Kirk N. Olsen, Josephine Terry & William Forde Thompson

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

Lenhart A, Madden M, Smith A, Purcell K, Zickuhr K. Teens, Kindness and cruelty on social network sites, The Pew Research Center. 2011.

Vogels E, Gelles-Watnick R, Massarat N. Teens, Social media and technology 2022. Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech. 2022.

•• Rideout V, Peebles A, Mann S, Robb MB. Common sense census: media use by tweens and teens, 2021. Common Sense, San Francisco, CA. 2022. This is perhaps the most cited review of contemporary screen media habits in youth, including vital statistics bout social media engagement.

Lebrun-Harris LA, Ghandour RM, Kogan MD, Warren MD. Five-year trends in US Children’s Health and Well-being, 2016–2020. JAMA Pediatr. 2022;176(7):e220056. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.0056 .

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The U.S. Surgeon General’s Advisory. Social media and youth mental health. 2023. https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2023/05/23/surgeon-general-issues-new-advisory-about-effects-social-media-use-has-youth-mental-health.html . Accessed 6/1/2023.

•• Valkenburg PM, Meier A, Beyens I. Social media use and its impact on adolescent mental health: an umbrella review of the evidence. Curr Opin Psychol. 2022;44:58–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.017 . This review summarizes the state of evidence regarding the overall effects of social media engagement on mental health.

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• Li X, Buxton OM, Lee S, Chang AM, Berger LM, Hale L. Sleep mediates the association between adolescent screen time and depressive symptoms. Sleep Med. 2019;57:51–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2019.01.029 . This article highlights the importance of sleep displacement effects in the relationship between screen media habits and depression.

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• v.14(10); 2022 Oct

Reviewing the Impact of Social Media on the Mental Health of Adolescents and Young Adults

Chirag gupta.

1 Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND

Dr. Sangita Jogdand

Mayank kumar.

Adolescents now cannot imagine their lives without social media. Practitioners want to be able to assess risk, and social media may be a new factor to take into account. The impression of the link between social networks and intellectual health holds a strong emphasis on adolescent and professional perspectives, although there is little research that underlies these beliefs. Sexting, privacy concerns, cyberbullying, and negative impacts on education and mental health are dangers connected with social media use in this population. However, ethical social media use can increase opportunities for connection and communication, boosting one's self-esteem, promoting one's health, and getting access to crucial medical information. Despite rising evidence of the harmful impacts of social media on adolescent mental health, there is still a paucity of empirical research on how teenagers understand social media, notably as a body of wisdom, or how they can use the larger modern media discourses to voice an opinion. The youth use smartphones and other media in high numbers, which leads to chronic sleep deprivation, having a detrimental impact on cognitive ability, school performance, and socio-emotional functioning. Smartphone and social media use among teenagers are associated with an increase in mental distress, self-harming behaviours, and suicidality, according to evidence from numerous cross-sectional, longitudinal, and empirical studies. Clinicians can collaborate with young people and their families to mitigate the potential risks associated with social media and smartphone use by employing open, nonjudgmental, and developmentally appropriate strategies, such as education and practical problem-solving.

Introduction and background

Teenagers now have unprecedented access to digital content via a variety of gadgets, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, and gaming systems. Today's media landscape is more expansive and diverse than ever before. Social media is a key component of this ecosystem. Social media, in its broadest meaning, refers to any digital application or software that allows users to engage in social interaction. Nearly half (46%) of US teenagers report using the internet "nearly continuously" in 2018, an increase from 24% in 2015 [ 1 ]. The widespread use of new media has produced a complicated world that young people, parents, medical professionals, and legislators must manage. While this media environment has created several fresh hazards and concerns for young people's mental health, it has also offered several unique advantages and opportunities [ 2 ]. Studies suggest that social media may influence teens to adopt unfavourable attitudes and behaviours [ 3 ]. Media formats, including digital platforms and interactive engagement, collectively referred to as social media, encompass media including email, text, blogs, message boards, dating applications, connection sites, games, and social networking sites [ 4 ]. Social networking platforms are created to facilitate online communication and information sharing, which has increased during the past 10 years. Youth utilize at least one of the following seven social networking sites at a rate of 97% among all teenagers between the ages of 13 and 17: adolescents spend most of their online time on YouTube (85%), Instagram (72%), Snapchat (69%), Facebook (51%), Twitter (32%), Tumblr (9%), or Reddit (7%) [ 5 ]. Recent research on the relationship between online communities and depression has found a common connection between the use of social networks by adolescents and depression, though there are some places where these findings are contradictory (like the relationship between screen time and mental health issues) and the quality of the evidence is not of great importance [ 6 ].

The use of social media and depression in teens are "generally correlated"; however, there have been inconsistent results in certain areas (such as the relationship between time spent on social media and mental health issues), and the quality of the data is generally low [ 7 ]. Using social media may increase the risk of self-harm, loneliness, and a decrease in empathy, based on particular studies. Other research either showed no harm or suggested that certain people may benefit from using social media [ 8 ]. Social media increasingly has taken a key place in young people's lives due to the rapid evolution of the technology landscape in recent years. Both huge new obstacles and fascinating new opportunities have been brought forth by social media. Research is starting to show how particular social media interactions may affect young people's mental health [ 9 ]. On social media, adolescents may communicate with others, publish, like, and share. These are generally considered to be active users. However, adolescents can also utilise social media passively by lurking and viewing solely the content of others. The binary distinction between active and passive usage does not reveal whether a certain behaviour is goal-directed or suggestive of procrastination [ 10 ]. For instance, procrastination may be characterised as conversing with others while delaying work on a more vital activity. Keeping up with friends' lives might be the purpose of seeing other people's content rather than participating with others. The social or nonsocial nature of the usage is a crucial distinction between different kinds. There are considerable hurdles in comprehending and measuring these many digital technology applications. Philosophically and empirically combining all digital acts into a single predictor of pleasure would always reduce accuracy [ 11 ]. 

The terms like "social media", "teenagers", "mental health", "digital media", "adolescents", and "social networking sites" were searched for in a database like "PubMed". Only results pertaining to the English language were shown. If there were more than one published report from a similar study, the latest one was used. Only review articles that also had original data were taken into account.

Is social media good or bad?

Conceptually, grouping the behaviours and use patterns under a single name disregards the reality that they serve different objectives and provide different results. When digital technology is viewed as a generic activity, its countless possible forms are disregarded. In light of this, it is essential to acknowledge that the effects of digital technology on teenagers' well-being are multifaceted [ 12 ]. This empirical uncertainty is exacerbated by the dearth of established measurements of technology usage. For the vast majority of work, self-reports of such are utilised. Self-reports have been shown to be inaccurate and of low validity due to their poor association with objective assessments of technology use [ 13 ]. The correlation between self-reported smartphone usage patterns and objectively documented usage is, at best, weak. Self-reports and objective measures yield the same results when comparing internet usage in general. In addition to losing precision by putting all types of technology usage under one behavioural category, this category's measurement also contributes to a loss of precision when taken as a whole. To achieve accuracy, we must examine the implications of diverse applications, ideally as assessed by science [ 14 ].

The outcomes of these studies have frequently been ambiguous, with many indicating that social media use has a minor but significant detrimental influence on mental health. A rising body of research tries to provide more in-depth understanding of the factors that influence adolescent development [ 15 ]. Since social media uses a variety of digital methods, it is difficult to sum up how it affects young people as a whole. In order to utilise and respond to social media in either adaptive or maladaptive ways, it is important to first understand personal characteristics that some kids may be more prone to exhibit. The precise social media practices or experiences that put teens in danger must also be identified. If we specifically survey US teenagers, 31% feel the impacts are primarily beneficial, 45% believe they are neither positive nor destructive, and 24% think they are unfavourable [ 16 ]. Teens who viewed social media as advantageous stated that it let them connect with friends, learn new things, and meet people with similar interests. According to those who believe the repercussions are serious, social media increases the likelihood of (i) bullying, (ii) neglecting face-to-face encounters, and (iii) acquiring erroneous assumptions about other people's lives. In addition, there is potential for avoiding depression and suicide by identifying symptoms utilising content. The relationship between offline and online risk has emerged as a recurrent theme in this field of study. The notion that the virtual age and its impacts are too complicated, fast-changing, or subtle for us to completely comprehend or successfully lead young people through is contested, challenging a typical message to parents. Helping youth with their online experiences and interactions is more likely to involve many of the same principles that drive healthy development and form the foundation of good parenting. If this is the case, it is excellent news for parents and guardians since it shows that existing evidence-based therapies and initiatives will continue to be effective in supporting teenagers in the digital age, regardless of any physical changes. Mediators of the association between social and adolescent depression and suicidality would be the final issue to examine (e.g., gender, age, and parental involvement) [ 17 ].

Risks of using social media in young adults

Peer experiences have a significant influence on the development and persistence of psychopathology in adolescents. In the realm of social media, peer relationships can be more frequent, intense, and quick. Previous research has highlighted a number of specific online peer interactions as possible mental health risk factors [ 17 ]. Cyber victimisation, or being the subject of online bullying, is frequently associated with increased rates of self-harm, suicidal thoughts, and other internalising and externalising problems. In addition, social media peer pressure, such as rejection from peers, online fights, and drama or conflict, may place young people in jeopardy. Online, where adolescents have access to a variety of their peers as well as potentially harmful content, peer influence processes may also be increased. If young people are exposed to social media content depicting dangerous behaviour, their likelihood of participating in such behaviour may increase (such as drinking and other drug usage). It may be easy to access internet resources that deal with self-harm and suicide, which might increase the risk of self-harm among at-risk youth [ 18 ]. According to a recent study, 14.8% of young people referred to mental hospitals because they posed a risk to others or themselves had accessed online resources that promoted suicide in the two weeks leading up to their admission [ 19 ]. They choose to display pics of themselves on social sites, which results in a constant stream of messages and images that are frequently meticulously edited to portray people in a positive manner. This puts an impact on certain young people, causing them to start comparing their accomplishments, aptitudes, or looks negatively. Studies have connected upper levels of social networking comparison to the depressive symptoms of adolescents [ 20 ].

Finally, it's critical to consider the issue of displacement, or what other vital activities are being replaced by time spent on social media, when assessing how technology use affects teenage mental health. It is common knowledge that young people's sleep patterns have a significant impact on their development and mental health. But earlier research has consistently connected using a mobile device before bed with lower sleep quality results, which include shorter sleep lengths, decreased sleep quality, and weariness during the day. Notably, 36% of teenagers say they wake up at least once throughout the night to check their gadgets, and 40% say they use a mobile device within five minutes of going to bed [ 21 ]. Therefore, the effect of social media on sleep quality continues to be a significant risk factor for later mental health issues in young people, making it a crucial subject for continued study. The majority of research on the relationship between social media use and depressive symptoms has focused on how often and problematically people use it [ 22 ]. The majority of the studies considered in this review revealed a positive and reciprocal association between social media use and depression and, occasionally, suicidality. It is yet unknown whether there is a connection between using the drug and depression or suicidality, and it is also uncertain how much adolescents' vulnerability and the substance's use features affect this connection. It is also unknown if other environmental elements, such as parental guidance and support or cultural disparities, have an effect on this link. Although it's possible that moderate use is associated with better self-regulation, it's unclear whether this is the result of intermediate users having innately better self-regulation [ 23 ].

Benefits of social media

Although the majority of the discussion about young people and new media has focused on possible problems, there are now more chances than ever to support adolescent mental health thanks to the distinctive characteristics of the social media ecosystem. Using social media may offer opportunities for humour and amusement, identity creation, and creative expression, among other advantages Teenagers now own more mobile devices than ever before, and they utilize social media at levels never before seen. Given how strongly young people are lured to digital devices and the affordances they provide, as well as their increased demand for novelty, social approval, and affinity, this may not come as a surprise. As teenagers spend more time interacting with digital technology, there is an urgent need to understand the ramifications of this usage and employ new technologies to benefit rather than harm adolescents' mental health and well-being. We should instead emphasise that digital technology is neither beneficial nor evil in and of itself in light of the current public debate [ 24 ]. Social connection is one of the most well-known advantages of social media, with 81% of students reporting that it increases their sense of connectedness to their peers. Teenagers frequently consider connecting with friends and family as the main advantage of social media, and prior research typically confirms that doing so increases people's well-being, using social media to boost acceptability or a sense of belonging [ 25 ]. The potential of digital media for boosting adolescent mental health extends beyond its regular usage by adolescents to encompass cutting-edge uses in screening, treatment, and prevention in the medical field [ 26 ]. Regarding screening, earlier research has shown the possible viability of looking through social media pages for indications of depression or drug misuse [ 19 ]. In general, more sophisticated machine learning techniques have been developed to recognise symptoms of mental illness, such as melancholy, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidality, on social media [ 27 ]. The majority of existing research on adolescent media consumption relies on self-report measures. Because research has only been done once, it is impossible to establish definitive conclusions about whether media use precedes and predicts harmful impacts on mental health. Adults frequently point the finger at the media for the issues facing the younger generation [ 28 ].

We shouldn't solely attribute media panics to the novel and the unknown because they are cyclical. Because of technology, teenagers' time management, worldview, and interpersonal interactions have undergone remarkable and quick changes. Thanks to social media, there is unprecedented potential to raise awareness of mental health issues, and social media-based promoting health programmes have been evaluated for a variety of cognitive and behavioural health diseases. Young individuals with mental health concerns have intriguing therapy choices thanks to social media's immediate accessibility and wide possibilities, including the chance to reach hard-to-reach locations [ 29 ]. Youth-focused mental health mobile applications are acceptable, according to preliminary data, but additional study is required to determine their value and efficacy. Due to the increasing importance of digital media in young people's lives, they are now faced with new challenges and opportunities. According to an increasing body of studies, social media usage among adolescents may affect their mental health. But given how quickly the digital media ecosystem changes, additional study is required [ 30 ].

Conclusions

Technology in the digital age does not "happen" to people instead, people use technology effectively. According to studies, utilising digital technology won't harm the average teen, but that doesn't mean there aren't circumstances with negative and serious consequences. In this study, we found that in-depth research on social media usage found a link to adolescent depression. Most research is cross-sectional; hence longitudinal studies are needed. Social media is entrenched in young people's social and personal lives. Professional organisations advise parents, educators, and institutions based on inadequate and inconsistent information about youth and digital technology. Policies limiting teens' access to new technologies can be futile if these tools are essential to stimulate social contact or develop digital and relational (digitally mediated) skills for emerging economies. In terms of health, reaching young people during crises and when help is needed is most important. Access to a variety of friendships and services may boost teen well-being.

The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research and reference purposes. Additionally, articles published within Cureus should not be deemed a suitable substitute for the advice of a qualified health care professional. Do not disregard or avoid professional medical advice due to content published within Cureus.

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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• BOOK REVIEW
• 29 March 2024

The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness?

• Candice L. Odgers 0

Candice L. Odgers is the associate dean for research and a professor of psychological science and informatics at the University of California, Irvine. She also co-leads international networks on child development for both the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research in Toronto and the Jacobs Foundation based in Zurich, Switzerland.

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You have full access to this article via your institution.

Social-media platforms aren’t always social. Credit: Getty

The Anxious Generation: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness Jonathan Haidt Allen Lane (2024)

Two things need to be said after reading The Anxious Generation . First, this book is going to sell a lot of copies, because Jonathan Haidt is telling a scary story about children’s development that many parents are primed to believe. Second, the book’s repeated suggestion that digital technologies are rewiring our children’s brains and causing an epidemic of mental illness is not supported by science. Worse, the bold proposal that social media is to blame might distract us from effectively responding to the real causes of the current mental-health crisis in young people.

Haidt asserts that the great rewiring of children’s brains has taken place by “designing a firehose of addictive content that entered through kids’ eyes and ears”. And that “by displacing physical play and in-person socializing, these companies have rewired childhood and changed human development on an almost unimaginable scale”. Such serious claims require serious evidence.

Collection: Promoting youth mental health

Haidt supplies graphs throughout the book showing that digital-technology use and adolescent mental-health problems are rising together. On the first day of the graduate statistics class I teach, I draw similar lines on a board that seem to connect two disparate phenomena, and ask the students what they think is happening. Within minutes, the students usually begin telling elaborate stories about how the two phenomena are related, even describing how one could cause the other. The plots presented throughout this book will be useful in teaching my students the fundamentals of causal inference, and how to avoid making up stories by simply looking at trend lines.

Hundreds of researchers, myself included, have searched for the kind of large effects suggested by Haidt. Our efforts have produced a mix of no, small and mixed associations. Most data are correlative. When associations over time are found, they suggest not that social-media use predicts or causes depression, but that young people who already have mental-health problems use such platforms more often or in different ways from their healthy peers 1 .

These are not just our data or my opinion. Several meta-analyses and systematic reviews converge on the same message 2 – 5 . An analysis done in 72 countries shows no consistent or measurable associations between well-being and the roll-out of social media globally 6 . Moreover, findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, the largest long-term study of adolescent brain development in the United States, has found no evidence of drastic changes associated with digital-technology use 7 . Haidt, a social psychologist at New York University, is a gifted storyteller, but his tale is currently one searching for evidence.

Of course, our current understanding is incomplete, and more research is always needed. As a psychologist who has studied children’s and adolescents’ mental health for the past 20 years and tracked their well-being and digital-technology use, I appreciate the frustration and desire for simple answers. As a parent of adolescents, I would also like to identify a simple source for the sadness and pain that this generation is reporting.

A complex problem

There are, unfortunately, no simple answers. The onset and development of mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are driven by a complex set of genetic and environmental factors. Suicide rates among people in most age groups have been increasing steadily for the past 20 years in the United States. Researchers cite access to guns, exposure to violence, structural discrimination and racism, sexism and sexual abuse, the opioid epidemic, economic hardship and social isolation as leading contributors 8 .

How social media affects teen mental health: a missing link

The current generation of adolescents was raised in the aftermath of the great recession of 2008. Haidt suggests that the resulting deprivation cannot be a factor, because unemployment has gone down. But analyses of the differential impacts of economic shocks have shown that families in the bottom 20% of the income distribution continue to experience harm 9 . In the United States, close to one in six children live below the poverty line while also growing up at the time of an opioid crisis, school shootings and increasing unrest because of racial and sexual discrimination and violence.

The good news is that more young people are talking openly about their symptoms and mental-health struggles than ever before. The bad news is that insufficient services are available to address their needs. In the United States, there is, on average, one school psychologist for every 1,119 students 10 .

Haidt’s work on emotion, culture and morality has been influential; and, in fairness, he admits that he is no specialist in clinical psychology, child development or media studies. In previous books, he has used the analogy of an elephant and its rider to argue how our gut reactions (the elephant) can drag along our rational minds (the rider). Subsequent research has shown how easy it is to pick out evidence to support our initial gut reactions to an issue. That we should question assumptions that we think are true carefully is a lesson from Haidt’s own work. Everyone used to ‘know’ that the world was flat. The falsification of previous assumptions by testing them against data can prevent us from being the rider dragged along by the elephant.

A generation in crisis

Two things can be independently true about social media. First, that there is no evidence that using these platforms is rewiring children’s brains or driving an epidemic of mental illness. Second, that considerable reforms to these platforms are required, given how much time young people spend on them. Many of Haidt’s solutions for parents, adolescents, educators and big technology firms are reasonable, including stricter content-moderation policies and requiring companies to take user age into account when designing platforms and algorithms. Others, such as age-based restrictions and bans on mobile devices, are unlikely to be effective in practice — or worse, could backfire given what we know about adolescent behaviour.

A third truth is that we have a generation in crisis and in desperate need of the best of what science and evidence-based solutions can offer. Unfortunately, our time is being spent telling stories that are unsupported by research and that do little to support young people who need, and deserve, more.

Nature 628 , 29-30 (2024)

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-00902-2

Heffer, T., Good, M., Daly, O., MacDonell, E. & Willoughby, T. Clin. Psychol. Sci. 7 , 462–470 (2019).

Hancock, J., Liu, S. X., Luo, M. & Mieczkowski, H. Preprint at SSRN https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4053961 (2022).

Odgers, C. L. & Jensen, M. R. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 61 , 336–348 (2020).

Orben, A. Soc . Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 55 , 407–414 (2020).

Valkenburg, P. M., Meier, A. & Beyens, I. Curr. Opin. Psychol. 44 , 58–68 (2022).

Vuorre, M. & Przybylski, A. K. R. Sci. Open Sci. 10 , 221451 (2023).

Miller, J., Mills, K. L., Vuorre, M., Orben, A. & Przybylski, A. K. Cortex 169 , 290–308 (2023).

Martínez-Alés, G., Jiang, T., Keyes, K. M. & Gradus, J. L. Annu. Rev. Publ. Health 43 , 99–116 (2022).

Danziger, S. Ann. Am. Acad. Pol. Soc. Sci. 650 , 6–24 (2013).

US Department of Education. State Nonfiscal Public Elementary/Secondary Education Survey 2022–2023 (National Center for Education Statistics, 2024).

Competing Interests

The author declares no competing interests.

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PDF | The research aims at presenting the implications of social media on youth. ... Literature Review: Social media is widely used by the adolescence and youth. Starting from Facebook in 2003, it ...

Schmeichel, Mardi; Hughes, Hilary E.; and Kutner, Mel (2018) "Qualitative Research on Youths' Social Media Use: A review of the literature," Middle Grades Review: Vol. 4 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. This Research is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Education and Social Services at ScholarWorks @ UVM.

Introduction. The past years have witnessed a staggering increase in empirical studies into the effects of social media use (SMU) on adolescents' mental health (e.g. [1∗∗, 2∗, 3]), defined as the absence of mental illness and the presence of well-being [4].This rapid increase may be due to at least two reasons.

The main objective of the paper is to find out the positive and negative impacts of social media on youth on the basis of available literature. III. METHODOLOGY The paper is based on the review of the literature on the positive and negative impacts of social media on youth. Secondary data were collected from studies conducted in India and abroad.

Impacts of social media on wellbeing The review identified eight key domains of social media's impact on children and young people: physical and mental health; identity and belonging; formal and informal learning; play and recreation; consumer practices; civic and political

This systematic literature review aims to identify and bridge gaps in topics, theories, variables, and conceptual frameworks in studies of social media usage among young people in China. ... the impact of social media on people's lives will be even greater, perhaps entering the realm of online government affairs, cloud festival celebrations ...

Qualitative research into adolescents' experiences of social media use and well-being has the potential to offer rich, nuanced insights, but has yet to be systematically reviewed. The current systematic review identified 19 qualitative studies in which adolescents shared their views and experiences of social media and well-being. A critical appraisal showed that overall study quality was ...

Participants of both genders were included in most studies (92%) but seldom examined as an explanatory variable. 77% of the included studies had social media use as the independent variable. Conclusion: The findings from the current scoping review revealed that about 3/4 of the included studies focused on social media and some aspect of pathology.

Introduction. Technology is ever evolving, with more and more diverse activities becoming possible on screen-based devices. With this increasing engagement in the digital world, social networking sites have become an increasingly popular activity, especially among younger populations [].Adolescents and young adults represent a unique population in terms of social media users, as they are the ...

Purpose of Review This review delves into the intricate relationship between social media and adolescent mental health, scrutinizing underlying psychological mechanisms and proposing directions for future inquiry and interventions. Recent Findings The interaction between social media use and adolescent mental health is complex. Many studies focus on the negative outcomes, such as increased ...

IV. LITERATURE REVIEW A. Effect of social media of youth's communication skills:- It is been noticed that social networking have caused adverse effect on communication skills among youth. It is obvious that social media could be a major element of advertising for businesses and communication for individuals round the world.

The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the impact of smartphones and social media on students and how curriculum can best prepare youth for democratic citizenship.

migrating to social media, it has a significant impact on youth. This social media craze has raised a host of concerns about the influence it will have on society. While it is commonly accepted that social media impacts people's ... LITERATURE REVIEW S. Juszczyk,[6] Propose that Making use of social media Web surfing is one of today's most ...

This article focuses on studying the social media influence on an individual through systematic literature review ( Brereton et al., 2007) with respect to TCCM approach (Theory, Context, Characteristics and Methodology). Adopting a framework or lens in literature reviews help in bringing objectivity to the analysis.

This systematic literature review aims to identify and bridge gaps in topics, theories, variables, and conceptual frameworks in studies of social media usage among young people in China. ... Chan M. (2017). Motivations for social media use and impact on political participation in China: A cognitive and communication mediation approach ...

Purpose of Review We review recent evidence regarding the relationship between the social media (SM) habits, experiences, and the mental health of youth. We examine effects of social media use (SMU) on specific diagnoses including depression and anxiety. The relationship between psychiatric illness, specific SM experiences, and the issue of SM mental health contagion is also explored. Recent ...

2. Methods. 2.1. Literature search. We performed the search for relevant studies using terms that related to violence or being a victim of violence and to the use of social media, and limited the focus to young people 12-21 years old. Violence-related terms included "sexual/child/partner abuse," "victims of crime," "homicide ...

Review. The use of social media and depression in teens are "generally correlated"; however, there have been inconsistent results in certain areas (such as the relationship between time spent on social media and mental health issues), and the quality of the data is generally low [].Using social media may increase the risk of self-harm, loneliness, and a decrease in empathy, based on particular ...

Candice L. Odgers is the associate dean for research and a professor of psychological science and informatics at the University of California, Irvine. She also co-leads international networks on ...

PDF file: 0.9 MB: Use Adobe Acrobat Reader version 10 or higher for the best experience. ... $27.00: Research Questions. What can K-12 schools do to mitigate the impact of social media-based threats? ... they conducted a literature review to identify existing practices for assessing and responding to such threats, analyzed over 1,000 news ...

Billionaire fights to dock his boat on water behind his house. His 164-foot boat, that is.

The love of the water, and a mega-yacht to enjoy it, is putting one resident at odds with village of north palm beach leaders..

For some people, the ultimate Florida lifestyle is a waterfront house , a private dock and a boat parked next to it. But what if that boat is a mega-yacht , and the mega-yacht stretches 164 feet?

That's the conundrum facing the Village of North Palm Beach.

This tiny community in northern Palm Beach County, with only 13,000 full-time residents, has an identity so tied to the water that a ship's steering wheel is the village's emblem.

But it's that love of the water that is putting one resident at odds with village leaders.

For the past several years, homeowner Michael Bozutto has been battling the village for the right to park his 164-foot Westport, dubbed Honey, behind a home he owns at 932 Shore Drive.

The house, built in 1961, is a one-story, ranch-style property with three bedrooms on a half-acre lot. Bozzuto paid $840,247 for the house in 2014, according to Palm Beach County property records.

Lawsuit rooted in dispute over where to dock mega-yacht

What makes this plain house special is its location. It's on a rare corner bordered on the north and east by navigable waters that provide access to the Atlantic Ocean via the Lake Worth Inlet. The east-facing dock is large enough to accommodate Bozzuto's motor yacht.

Since Bozutto bought Honey for an undisclosed sum a decade ago, he mostly has parked it at the Old Port Cove Marina, near Tiger Woods' 155-foot showy mega-yacht, ironically dubbed Privacy.

More recently, Bozzuto has wanted to park Honey alongside his Shore Drive house, one of four houses he owns in the village. While Bozzuto keeps some personal property at the Shore Drive house, he lives at a house he owns at Harbour Isles Court.

Village officials warned Bozzuto he can't park Honey at 932 Shore Drive because boats can only be parked on docks behind houses that are occupied by the homeowner.

But village rules do not define the word "occupied." For instance, the rules do not state that occupied means the house is a residence where the owner lives. Village rules also contain no restrictions on the size of boats that can be kept at private docks.

After years of pushing back against what he believes are fuzzy rules, Bozzuto in March filed a lawsuit against the village.

More: Cannonsport Marina sells for $58.5 million in big deal for tiny Palm Beach Shores

He alleged the municipality is illegally depriving him of his property rights because nothing in the village code prevents him from mooring Honey at his house. He is asking a Palm Beach County Circuit Court judge to rule that he has a constitutional right to dock Honey there.

Gregory Coleman, Bozzuto's West Palm Beach attorney, said the village has plenty of waterfront homes with yachts parked behind them. But Coleman said the village is illegally blocking Bozzuto from docking Honey at his house because the village is bending to pressure from a handful of neighbors who think the boat is too big.

The selective enforcement is wrong, said Coleman, a former president of the Florida Bar.

"He's a very under-the-radar guy who doesn't cause anybody any problems," Coleman said of Bozzuto. "He pays his property taxes, and he wants to be left alone by the village of North Palm Beach. Unfortunately, they are singling Mike out."

Neither Leonard Rubin, the village's longtime attorney, nor Village Manager Chuck Huff responded to requests for comment.

Eric Stettin, a Fort Lauderdale-based attorney who is representing the village in the Bozzuto lawsuit, said he could not comment on pending litigation.

What good is a man's castle if he can't have a boat in his moat?

Coleman's lawsuit describes the conflict as a battle over property rights, but real estate and yachting experts say it's also a sign of the times.

As wealthy new residents pour into the county wanting all the perks of the Sunshine State, they want a boat to go along with their waterfront homes and golf club memberships. Some longtime residents fear Palm Beach County is turning into a playground for billionaires, to the detriment of everyday people who also want to live in sunshine and peace.

This conflict between Old Florida and new money is an ever-present tension, but even seasoned yacht brokers say they've never seen interest in luxury yachts quite as strong as it is now.

More: Illegal boat slips are popping near Palm Beach Gardens. Residents want regulators to act

"What we've seen in the marketplace right after COVID in the yachting industry, and especially the superyacht segment, is the most incredible growth ever seen in the history of yachting to date," said Shannon McCoy, a luxury yacht advisor and broker with Worth Avenue Yachts in Palm Beach.

"A lot of people are moving here with serious money," added Pascal Savoy, U.S. managing director of Camper & Nicholsons International yacht brokers in Fort Lauderdale.

While in the past Palm Beach County was not considered lively enough for some buyers, Savoy said the county's growing sophistication is putting it on the map in a way never seen before.

"It's a mini-Monaco for us," Savoy said.

Prices for mega-yachts can range from $18 million to $60 million, or many times that, for the largest and most decked-out mega-yachts, Savoy said.

While some yachts can be glitzy, a 164-foot Westport is considered a more low-profile boat, Savoy added.

Michael Bozzuto's interests: Houses, boats and philanthropy

Bozzuto is no newcomer to North Palm Beach. He's been a resident of the village for 20 years.

He is the billionaire owner of a family-owned supermarket wholesaler in Connecticut, and an investor and philanthropist who likes to collect houses and yachts, Coleman said.

In addition to the four North Palm Beach houses and several yachts he owns, Bozzuto in February paid a whopping $31.1 million for a house in the Town of Palm Beach Shores. The house, which has two docks, sits just north of the Palm Beach/Lake Worth Inlet.

Twin City Mall: North Palm clears way for redevelopment, taller buildings at landmark site

Coleman said there is plenty of room for other boaters to navigate the waterway when Honey is parked at the Shore Drive house in North Palm Beach. And while other people may not have as large a yacht, there are other sizeable yachts parked on docks behind other North Palm Beach homes, too, he added.

At a 2017 village council meeting, then-Mayor Darryl Aubrey commented on the issue, according to the complaint.

"When I didn't live here full time, I had a boat sitting in my dock, I was gone nine months of the year. I don't see how you can say that someone has to be in a residence year-round, seems to be some interpretation of occupant, there would be an enormous number of violations," Aubrey said.

Another member of the village council asked if the village had a definition now, the complaint said.

Rubin, the village attorney, replied: "No, we don't," according to the lawsuit.

Show me the money? Here it is: West Palm and Palm Beach rank in top 5 as cities with fastest growth in millionaires

Palm Beach County's waterways run deep, and they are popular

The yacht docking dispute is particularly timely, given the scarcity of dock space for boats of all sizes.

The most convenient place to park a boat is on the water behind a house, brokers say. But not every waterway or channel can accommodate the draft, or depth, of a mega-yacht.

However, the dock behind Bozzuto's Shore Drive house can.

Not only is the Westport not known for its deep hulls, but the waterway also is typical of northern Palm Beach County, which boasts deep water and easy access to the ocean via the Lake Worth Inlet, said Coleman, a lifelong boater.

"In Palm Beach County, they have deeper water, and it allows people to have larger yachts," Savoy agreed.

But not every waterway is deep enough for every boat.

McCoy said she specializes in helping advise potential yacht owners about the county's varied water depths before they buy a house, if they plan to dock their yacht behind it.

If yacht owners don't have a private dock, the other option is a marina. But marina space is hard to find, with many dock berths reserved for months in advance, McCoy said.

Despite the challenges of owning a boat and finding a place to dock it, yacht brokers say demand continues.

They see interest continuing from business executives moving here with their families as they relocate their companies to Palm Beach County. There's also a growing demand for yachts among female buyers, McCoy added.

They also see younger mega-yacht buyers, some even in their early 30s. This is in sharp contrast to the mostly older buyers in the past, Savoy said.

Palm Beach County may not be as go-go as Miami-Dade County when it comes to showy ships, but if interest continues, "it's coming," Savoy said. "You're going to attract bigger yachts."

Put another way: "No one needs a boat, but everyone needs a boat," McCoy said. "It's the ultimate lifestyle."

Alexandra Clough is a business writer and columnist at  The Palm Beach Post . You can reach her at  [email protected] . Twitter:  @acloughpbp .  Help support our journalism. Subscribe today.

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